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{{Infobox country|name=Italian Republic|leader_name1=Sergio Mattarella|established_date1=17 March 1861|established_event2=Republic|established_event1=Unification|area_km2=301,340|population_estimate_year=2020|population_estimate=60,317,116|leader_name2= | {{Infobox country|name=Italian Republic|leader_name1=Sergio Mattarella|established_date1=17 March 1861|established_event2=Republic|established_event1=Unification|area_km2=301,340|population_estimate_year=2020|population_estimate=60,317,116|leader_name2=[[Giorgia Meloni]]|leader_title2=Prime Minister|native_name=Repubblica Italiana|leader_title1=President|government_type=Unitary parliamentary republic|image_map=Map_of_Italy.svg|image_map_size=200|official_languages=Italian|largest_city=Rome|image_coat=Emblem_of_Italy.svg|capital=Rome|mode_of_production=Capitalism|image_flag=Flag of Italy.svg|established_date2=2 June 1946}} | ||
'''Italy''', officially the '''Italian Republic''', is a country in [[ | '''Italy''', officially the '''Italian Republic''' (''Repubblica Italiana'') , is a liberal democratic country in Western and Southern Europe. Consisting of the Italian peninsula and various islands in the Mediterranean, most prominent being Sicily and Sardinia. To the north, Italy shares the Alps with [[France]], [[Switzerland]], [[Austria]] and [[Slovenia]]. Italy has two enclaves, that being [[Vatican City]] and [[San Marino]]. It covers an area of 301,340 square kilometers and has a population of nearly 60 million people. Their official language is Italian. | ||
== History == | == History == | ||
=== | === Unification === | ||
{{Main article|Risorgimento}} | |||
=== Fascism (1922–1943) === | |||
{{Main article|Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)#Fascism}} | |||
During most of the Interwar period and the [[Second World War]], a [[Fascism|fascist]] regime under [[Benito Mussolini]] ruled Italy, the economy declined, many ethnic groups, particularly in Italian colonies such as [[Libya]], saw heavy repression, and some of the first mass privatizations occurred. | During most of the Interwar period and the [[Second World War]], a [[Fascism|fascist]] regime under [[Benito Mussolini]] ruled Italy, the economy declined, many ethnic groups, particularly in Italian colonies such as [[Libya]], saw heavy repression, and some of the first mass privatizations occurred. | ||
=== Cold War === | === Cold War === | ||
In 1948, the communist [[Palmiro Togliatti]] ran in the Italian general election. The [[CIA]] rigged the election and spread capitalist propaganda,<ref>{{Citation|author=William Blum|year=2004|title=Killing Hope|chapter=Italy, 1947-1948: Free elections, Hollywood-style|section=|page=|quote=|pdf=|city=|publisher=|isbn=|doi=|lg=|mia=|title-url=|chapter-url=https://williamblum.org/chapters/killing-hope/italy|trans-title=|trans-lang=}}</ref> causing Togliatti to lose to the Christian Democracy Party. | The USA briefly ended its occupation of Italy in 1947 but returned in 1949 when Italy joined [[North Atlantic Treaty Organization|NATO]].<ref name=":02222">{{Citation|author=David Vine|year=2020|title=The United States of War|chapter=The Spoils of War|page=298|city=Oakland|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=9780520972070|lg=http://library.lol/main/191568BFAC73F009132DB00ECD0F0F05}}</ref> Statesian and Italian leaders worried that [[Italian Communist Party|communist]] and socialist parties would come to power.<ref name=":022222">{{Citation|author=David Vine|year=2020|title=The United States of War|chapter=Normalizing Occupation|page=308–9|city=Oakland|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=9780520972070|lg=http://library.lol/main/191568BFAC73F009132DB00ECD0F0F05}}</ref> | ||
In 1948, the communist [[Palmiro Togliatti]] ran in the Italian general election. The [[CIA]] rigged the election and spread capitalist propaganda,<ref>{{Citation|author=William Blum|year=2004|title=Killing Hope|chapter=Italy, 1947-1948: Free elections, Hollywood-style|section=|page=|quote=|pdf=|city=|publisher=|isbn=|doi=|lg=|mia=|title-url=|chapter-url=https://williamblum.org/chapters/killing-hope/italy|trans-title=|trans-lang=}}</ref> causing Togliatti to lose to the [[Christian Democracy (Italy)|Christian Democracy Party]]. The U.S. military stationed warships around Italy before the election.<ref name=":022222" /> | |||
The CIA interfered in seven more elections in Italy before 2000.<ref name=":0222222">{{Citation|author=David Vine|year=2020|title=The United States of War|chapter=Normalizing Occupation|page=311–2|city=Oakland|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=9780520972070|lg=http://library.lol/main/191568BFAC73F009132DB00ECD0F0F05}}</ref> | |||
== Politics == | |||
Since September 2022, a right-wing coalition of the [[Fratelli d'Italia]], [[Lega per Salvini Premier|Lega]], and [[Forza Italia]] parties have governed Italy.<ref>{{Web citation|author=NPA Antifascist Commission|newspaper=International Viewpoint|title=The resistible rise of the far right in Europe|date=2024-05-19|url=https://internationalviewpoint.org/spip.php?article8528|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529031140/https://internationalviewpoint.org/spip.php?article8528|archive-date=2024-05-29}}</ref> | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
| Line 16: | Line 25: | ||
[[Category:Countries]] | [[Category:Countries]] | ||
[[Category:Global north]] | [[Category:Global north]] | ||
[[Category:European countries]] | |||
[[Category:Formerly fascist countries]] | |||
Latest revision as of 03:29, 29 October 2024
| Italian Republic Repubblica Italiana | |
|---|---|
 Flag
 Coat of arms
| |
 | |
| Capital and largest city | Rome |
| Official languages | Italian |
| Dominant mode of production | Capitalism |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary republic |
• President | Sergio Mattarella |
• Prime Minister | Giorgia Meloni |
| History | |
• Unification | 17 March 1861 |
• Republic | 2 June 1946 |
| Area | |
• Total | 301,340 km² |
| Population | |
• 2020 estimate | 60,317,116 |
Italy, officially the Italian Republic (Repubblica Italiana) , is a liberal democratic country in Western and Southern Europe. Consisting of the Italian peninsula and various islands in the Mediterranean, most prominent being Sicily and Sardinia. To the north, Italy shares the Alps with France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia. Italy has two enclaves, that being Vatican City and San Marino. It covers an area of 301,340 square kilometers and has a population of nearly 60 million people. Their official language is Italian.
History[edit | edit source]
Unification[edit | edit source]
See main article: Risorgimento
Fascism (1922–1943)[edit | edit source]
See main article: Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)#Fascism
During most of the Interwar period and the Second World War, a fascist regime under Benito Mussolini ruled Italy, the economy declined, many ethnic groups, particularly in Italian colonies such as Libya, saw heavy repression, and some of the first mass privatizations occurred.
Cold War[edit | edit source]
The USA briefly ended its occupation of Italy in 1947 but returned in 1949 when Italy joined NATO.[1] Statesian and Italian leaders worried that communist and socialist parties would come to power.[2]
In 1948, the communist Palmiro Togliatti ran in the Italian general election. The CIA rigged the election and spread capitalist propaganda,[3] causing Togliatti to lose to the Christian Democracy Party. The U.S. military stationed warships around Italy before the election.[2]
The CIA interfered in seven more elections in Italy before 2000.[4]
Politics[edit | edit source]
Since September 2022, a right-wing coalition of the Fratelli d'Italia, Lega, and Forza Italia parties have governed Italy.[5]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ David Vine (2020). The United States of War: 'The Spoils of War' (p. 298). Oakland: University of California Press. ISBN 9780520972070 [LG]
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 David Vine (2020). The United States of War: 'Normalizing Occupation' (pp. 308–9). Oakland: University of California Press. ISBN 9780520972070 [LG]
- ↑ William Blum (2004). Killing Hope: 'Italy, 1947-1948: Free elections, Hollywood-style'.
- ↑ David Vine (2020). The United States of War: 'Normalizing Occupation' (pp. 311–2). Oakland: University of California Press. ISBN 9780520972070 [LG]
- ↑ NPA Antifascist Commission (2024-05-19). "The resistible rise of the far right in Europe" International Viewpoint. Archived from the original on 2024-05-29.