Libyan Arab Jamahiriya (1977–2011): Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox country|name=Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya|native_name=الجماهيرية العربية الليبية الشعبية الإشتراكية العظمى|year_start=1977|image_flag=Green Libya flag.png|year_end=2011|motto=وحدة ، حرية ، اشتراكية|englishmotto=“Unity, freedom, socialism”|anthem=الله أكبر|area_km2=1,759,541|population_estimate=6,355,100|population_estimate_year=2010|government_type=[[Islam|Islamic]] [[Socialism|socialist]] [[jamahiriya]]}}The '''Libyan Arab Jamahiriyah''' was a non-[[Marxism|Marxist]] [[socialist state]] in [[North Africa]] from 1977 to 2011 that was led by [[Muammar Gaddafi]]. In 2010, Libya had the highest human development index of any country in [[Africa]].<ref name=":0">{{News citation|author=Alexandra Valiente|newspaper=Libya 360º Archives|title=Celebrating The Great Achievments Of Muammar Gaddafi|date=2011-11-09|url=https://libyadiary.wordpress.com/2011/11/09/celebrating-the-great-acheivments-of-muammar-gaddafi/|retrieved=2022-04-23}}</ref> | {{Infobox country|name=Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya|native_name=الجماهيرية العربية الليبية الشعبية الإشتراكية العظمى|year_start=1977|image_flag=Green Libya flag.png|year_end=2011|motto=وحدة ، حرية ، اشتراكية|englishmotto=“Unity, freedom, socialism”|anthem=الله أكبر|area_km2=1,759,541|population_estimate=6,355,100|population_estimate_year=2010|government_type=[[Islam|Islamic]] [[Socialism|socialist]] [[jamahiriya]]}}The '''Libyan Arab Jamahiriyah''' was a non-[[Marxism|Marxist]] [[socialist state]] in [[North Africa]] from 1977 to 2011 that was led by [[Muammar Gaddafi|Muammar Qaddafi]]. In 2010, Libya had the highest human development index of any country in [[Africa]].<ref name=":0">{{News citation|author=Alexandra Valiente|newspaper=Libya 360º Archives|title=Celebrating The Great Achievments Of Muammar Gaddafi|date=2011-11-09|url=https://libyadiary.wordpress.com/2011/11/09/celebrating-the-great-acheivments-of-muammar-gaddafi/|retrieved=2022-04-23}}</ref> | ||
== Education == | == Education == | ||
| Line 5: | Line 5: | ||
== Health == | == Health == | ||
The Libyan Arab Jamahiriyah had free [[universal healthcare]] for all citizens. Child mortality rate decreased from 71 per 1,000 live births in 1991 to 14 in 2009.<ref>{{Citation|author=World Health Organization|year=2007|title=Libyan Arab Jamahiriyah|pdf=https://web.archive.org/web/20080612142954/http://www.who.int/countryfocus/cooperation_strategy/ccsbrief_lby_en.pdf|publisher=}}</ref> Undernourishment was less than 5% and the average citizen ate over 3,000 calories per day. Life expectancy was | The Libyan Arab Jamahiriyah had free [[universal healthcare]] for all citizens. Child mortality rate decreased from 71 per 1,000 live births in 1991 to 14 in 2009.<ref>{{Citation|author=World Health Organization|year=2007|title=Libyan Arab Jamahiriyah|pdf=https://web.archive.org/web/20080612142954/http://www.who.int/countryfocus/cooperation_strategy/ccsbrief_lby_en.pdf|publisher=}}</ref> Undernourishment was less than 5% and the average citizen ate over 3,000 calories per day. Life expectancy was 74.5 years,<ref name=":2">{{News citation|newspaper=[[TeleSur]]|title=Libya: Before and After Muammar Gaddafi|date=2020-01-15|url=https://www.telesurenglish.net/analysis/Libya-Before-and-After-Muammar-Gaddafi-20200115-0011.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210305215145/https://www.telesurenglish.net/analysis/sandino-us-imperialism-making-20200219-0029.html|archive-date=2021-03-05|retrieved=2022-06-25}}</ref> the highest in the developing world.<ref name=":0" /> Every woman who gave birth was automatically given $5,000.<ref name=":1" /> | ||
== Housing == | == Housing == | ||
| Line 11: | Line 11: | ||
== Imperialist attacks == | == Imperialist attacks == | ||
In 1986, | In 1986, the [[United States of America|United States]] under [[Ronald Reagan]] bombed Libya.<ref>{{News citation|journalist=John Pike|title=Operation El Dorado Canyon|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/ops/el_dorado_canyon.htm|newspaper=GlobalSecurity.org|retrieved=2022-03-30}}</ref> | ||
In January 2011, [[Arab Spring]] protests spread from [[Republic of Tunisia|Tunisia]] to Libya. The protests were mostly in the Benghazi region and were supported by the United States and [[European Union]]. Between March and October, [[North Atlantic Treaty Organization|NATO]] ran a bombing campaign in Libya. On 20 October 2011, rebels captured and brutally murdered Qaddafi.<ref name=":2" /> | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
Revision as of 19:55, 25 June 2022
| Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya الجماهيرية العربية الليبية الشعبية الإشتراكية العظمى | |
|---|---|
| 1977–2011 | |
 Flag | |
Motto: وحدة ، حرية ، اشتراكية “Unity, freedom, socialism” | |
Anthem: الله أكبر | |
| Government | Islamic socialist jamahiriya |
| History | |
• Established | 1977 |
• Dissolution | 2011 |
| Area | |
• Total | 1,759,541 km² |
| Population | |
• 2010 estimate | 6,355,100 |
The Libyan Arab Jamahiriyah was a non-Marxist socialist state in North Africa from 1977 to 2011 that was led by Muammar Qaddafi. In 2010, Libya had the highest human development index of any country in Africa.[1]
Education
In 2009, the adult literacy rate was 88.4% and the youth literacy rate was 99.8%. 52% of men and 57% of women went to colleges or universities.[2] The government also funded students to study abroad for free.[3]
Health
The Libyan Arab Jamahiriyah had free universal healthcare for all citizens. Child mortality rate decreased from 71 per 1,000 live births in 1991 to 14 in 2009.[4] Undernourishment was less than 5% and the average citizen ate over 3,000 calories per day. Life expectancy was 74.5 years,[5] the highest in the developing world.[1] Every woman who gave birth was automatically given $5,000.[3]
Housing
Access to a home was considered a human right and electricity was completely free.[3]
Imperialist attacks
In 1986, the United States under Ronald Reagan bombed Libya.[6]
In January 2011, Arab Spring protests spread from Tunisia to Libya. The protests were mostly in the Benghazi region and were supported by the United States and European Union. Between March and October, NATO ran a bombing campaign in Libya. On 20 October 2011, rebels captured and brutally murdered Qaddafi.[5]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Alexandra Valiente (2011-11-09). "Celebrating The Great Achievments Of Muammar Gaddafi" Libya 360º Archives. Retrieved 2022-04-23.
- ↑ UIS Statistics in Brief. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 2010-09-11.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Steven Meltzer (2014-05-16). "Ten Things You Didn’t Know About Libya Under Gaddafi’s So-Called Dictatorship" Urban Times. Retrieved 2022-04-24.
- ↑ World Health Organization (2007). Libyan Arab Jamahiriyah. [PDF]
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 "Libya: Before and After Muammar Gaddafi" (2020-01-15). TeleSur. Archived from the original on 2021-03-05. Retrieved 2022-06-25.
- ↑ John Pike. "Operation El Dorado Canyon" GlobalSecurity.org. Retrieved 2022-03-30.