Communist International (1919–1943): Difference between revisions
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''"Communist International" redirects here. For other uses, see [[Communist International (disambiguation)]].'' | |||
{{Infobox country|name=Communist International|leader_title1=General Secretary|year_end=1943|event_start=First Congress|leader_name1=[[Georgi Dimitrov]]|year_start=1919|image_symbol=Comintern Logo.png|event1=Second Congress|date_start=March|date_event1=July 1920|date_event2=June 1921|event2=Third Congress|event3=Fourth Congress|date_event3=November 1922|event4=Fifth Congress|date_event4=July 1924|event5=Sixth Congress|date_event5=July 1928|event6=Seventh Congress|date_event6=July 1935|symbol_type=Symbol}} | {{Infobox country|name=Communist International|leader_title1=General Secretary|year_end=1943|event_start=First Congress|leader_name1=[[Georgi Dimitrov]]|year_start=1919|image_symbol=Comintern Logo.png|event1=Second Congress|date_start=March|date_event1=July 1920|date_event2=June 1921|event2=Third Congress|event3=Fourth Congress|date_event3=November 1922|event4=Fifth Congress|date_event4=July 1924|event5=Sixth Congress|date_event5=July 1928|event6=Seventh Congress|date_event6=July 1935|symbol_type=Symbol}} | ||
The '''Communist International''', also known as the '''Third International''' or '''Comintern''', was an international communist organization led by the [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics|Soviet Union]]. It was established in 1919 after the [[Russian revolution of 1917|October Revolution]] and dissolved in 1943 after the [[Nazi Germany|Nazi]] invasion of the USSR. It was briefly succeeded by the [[Cominform]] in 1947. | The '''Communist International''', also known as the '''Third International''' or '''Comintern''', was an international communist organization led by the [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics|Soviet Union]]. It was established in 1919 after the [[Russian revolution of 1917|October Revolution]] and dissolved in 1943 after the [[Nazi Germany|Nazi]] invasion of the USSR. It was briefly succeeded by the [[Cominform]] in 1947. | ||
== Structure == | ==Structure== | ||
Delegates from [[Communist party|communist parties]] around the world participated in World Congresses of the Comintern. The Congress decided the number of votes for each party based on its membership and the political importance of the country it is from. The World Congress elected an Executive Committee to lead between congresses, and all parties in the Comintern had to follow the decisions of the Executive Committee. Individual parties could appeal against resolutions of the Executive Committee to the World Congress but had to follow the Congress's decision. | Delegates from [[Communist party|communist parties]] around the world participated in World Congresses of the Comintern. The Congress decided the number of votes for each party based on its membership and the political importance of the country it is from. The World Congress elected an Executive Committee to lead between congresses, and all parties in the Comintern had to follow the decisions of the Executive Committee. Individual parties could appeal against resolutions of the Executive Committee to the World Congress but had to follow the Congress's decision. | ||
The Executive Committee often invited delegates from communist parties to their meetings but only members elected to the Committee at the World Congress could vote. The Executive Committee elected a Presidium that met at least once a month and the Presidium elected a Political Secretariat.<ref>{{Citation|author=J. Peters|year=1935|title=A Manual on Organisation|chapter=Structure and Functions of the Party Organizations|chapter-url=https://www.marxists.org/history/usa/parties/cpusa/1935/07/organisers-manual/ch03.htm|city=[[New York City]]|publisher=Workers Library Publishers|mia=https://www.marxists.org/history/usa/parties/cpusa/1935/07/organisers-manual/index.htm}}</ref> | The Executive Committee often invited delegates from communist parties to their meetings but only members elected to the Committee at the World Congress could vote. The Executive Committee elected a Presidium that met at least once a month and the Presidium elected a Political Secretariat.<ref>{{Citation|author=J. Peters|year=1935|title=A Manual on Organisation|chapter=Structure and Functions of the Party Organizations|chapter-url=https://www.marxists.org/history/usa/parties/cpusa/1935/07/organisers-manual/ch03.htm|city=[[New York City]]|publisher=Workers Library Publishers|mia=https://www.marxists.org/history/usa/parties/cpusa/1935/07/organisers-manual/index.htm}}</ref> | ||
== History == | == History== | ||
=== First Congress === | ===First Congress=== | ||
The First Congress of the Comintern was held in [[Moscow]] in 1919. It included communist parties from many countries, including [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic|Russia]], [[Socialist Federative Republic of Councils in Hungary (1919)|Hungary]], [[German Reich (1918–1933)|Germany]], [[Japanese empire|Japan]], [[Kingdom of Italy|Italy]], and the [[United States of America|United States]]. | The First Congress of the Comintern was held in [[Moscow]] in 1919. It included communist parties from many countries, including [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic|Russia]], [[Socialist Federative Republic of Councils in Hungary (1919)|Hungary]], [[German Reich (1918–1933)|Germany]], [[Japanese empire|Japan]], [[Kingdom of Italy|Italy]], and the [[United States of America|United States]]. | ||
In 1927, the Comintern adopted the line that [[Bourgeoisie|bourgeois]] [[national liberation]] movements would betray the [[proletariat]].<ref name=":0">{{Citation|author=[[Vijay Prashad]]|year=2008|title=The Darker Nations: A People's History of the Third World|chapter=Brussels|page=22|pdf=https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/bafykbzaceascnzh26r5d6uitjjs2z7rflhaxlt7rboz5whzdf76qg6xxvecqq?filename=%28A%20New%20Press%20People%27s%20history%29%20Vijay%20Prashad%20-%20The%20darker%20nations_%20a%20people%27s%20history%20of%20the%20third%20world-The%20New%20Press%20%282008%29.pdf|publisher=The New Press|isbn=9781595583420|lg=https://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=9B40B96E830128A7FE0E0E887C06829F}}</ref> | In 1927, the Comintern adopted the line that [[Bourgeoisie|bourgeois]] [[national liberation]] movements would betray the [[proletariat]].<ref name=":0">{{Citation|author=[[Vijay Prashad]]|year=2008|title=The Darker Nations: A People's History of the Third World|chapter=Brussels|page=22|pdf=https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/bafykbzaceascnzh26r5d6uitjjs2z7rflhaxlt7rboz5whzdf76qg6xxvecqq?filename=%28A%20New%20Press%20People%27s%20history%29%20Vijay%20Prashad%20-%20The%20darker%20nations_%20a%20people%27s%20history%20of%20the%20third%20world-The%20New%20Press%20%282008%29.pdf|publisher=The New Press|isbn=9781595583420|lg=https://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=9B40B96E830128A7FE0E0E887C06829F}}</ref> | ||
=== Seventh Congress === | ===Seventh Congress === | ||
The Comintern revised its position in 1935 to encourage a temporary alliance between the proletariat and national bourgeoisie of [[Colonialism|colonized]] nations.<ref name=":0" /> | The Comintern revised its position in 1935 to encourage a temporary alliance between the proletariat and national bourgeoisie of [[Colonialism|colonized]] nations.<ref name=":0" /> | ||
=== Anti-Comintern Pact === | ===Anti-Comintern Pact=== | ||
In 1936, [[Nazi Germany]] and Japan signed a pact against the Comintern. This pact was later signed by the rest of the axis and [[Spanish State (1939–1975)|fascist Spain]]. | In 1936, [[Nazi Germany]] and Japan signed a pact against the Comintern. This pact was later signed by the rest of the axis and [[Spanish State (1939–1975)|fascist Spain]]. | ||
== References == | == References== | ||
[[Category:International communist organizations]] | [[Category:International communist organizations]] | ||
<references /> | |||
Revision as of 12:07, 27 March 2023
"Communist International" redirects here. For other uses, see Communist International (disambiguation).
| Communist International | |
|---|---|
| 1919–1943 | |
 Symbol
| |
| Leaders | |
• General Secretary | Georgi Dimitrov |
| History | |
• First Congress | March 1919 |
• Second Congress | July 1920 |
• Third Congress | June 1921 |
• Fourth Congress | November 1922 |
• Fifth Congress | July 1924 |
• Sixth Congress | July 1928 |
• Seventh Congress | July 1935 |
• Dissolution | 1943 |
The Communist International, also known as the Third International or Comintern, was an international communist organization led by the Soviet Union. It was established in 1919 after the October Revolution and dissolved in 1943 after the Nazi invasion of the USSR. It was briefly succeeded by the Cominform in 1947.
Structure
Delegates from communist parties around the world participated in World Congresses of the Comintern. The Congress decided the number of votes for each party based on its membership and the political importance of the country it is from. The World Congress elected an Executive Committee to lead between congresses, and all parties in the Comintern had to follow the decisions of the Executive Committee. Individual parties could appeal against resolutions of the Executive Committee to the World Congress but had to follow the Congress's decision.
The Executive Committee often invited delegates from communist parties to their meetings but only members elected to the Committee at the World Congress could vote. The Executive Committee elected a Presidium that met at least once a month and the Presidium elected a Political Secretariat.[1]
History
First Congress
The First Congress of the Comintern was held in Moscow in 1919. It included communist parties from many countries, including Russia, Hungary, Germany, Japan, Italy, and the United States.
In 1927, the Comintern adopted the line that bourgeois national liberation movements would betray the proletariat.[2]
Seventh Congress
The Comintern revised its position in 1935 to encourage a temporary alliance between the proletariat and national bourgeoisie of colonized nations.[2]
Anti-Comintern Pact
In 1936, Nazi Germany and Japan signed a pact against the Comintern. This pact was later signed by the rest of the axis and fascist Spain.
References
- ↑ J. Peters (1935). A Manual on Organisation: 'Structure and Functions of the Party Organizations'. New York City: Workers Library Publishers. [MIA]
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Vijay Prashad (2008). The Darker Nations: A People's History of the Third World: 'Brussels' (p. 22). [PDF] The New Press. ISBN 9781595583420 [LG]