German Democratic Republic (1949–1990): Difference between revisions

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{{Infobox country|conventional_long_name=German Democratic Republic|government_type=Marxist-Leninist state|currency=East German mark|date_event1=1989 November 9|event1=Fall of Anti-Fascist Protection Wall|date_pre=1945 May 8|event_pre=Soviet liberation of Germany|event_start=Constitution adopted|event_end=Annexation by West Germany|date_end=October 3|date_start=October 7|leader_name4=Egon Krenz|leader_title4=1989|leader_name3=Erich Honecker|leader_title3=1971–1989|leader_name2=Walter Ulbricht|native_name=Deutsche Demokratische Republik|leader_title2=1950–1971|leader_name1=Wilhelm Pieck|leader_title1=1946–1950|population_census_year=1990|population_census=16,111,000|mode_of_production=Socialism|area_km2=108,333|official_languages=German|capital=East Berlin|englishmotto=Workers of the the world, unite!|motto=Proletarier aller Länder, vereinigt Euch!|year_end=1990|year_start=1949|name=East Germany|HDI=0.953}}
{{Infobox country|conventional_long_name=German Democratic Republic|government_type=Federal Marxist-Leninist socialist republic (1949–1952)<br />Unitary Marxist-Leninist socialist republic (1952–1989)<br />Unitary parliamentary republic (1989–1990)|currency=East German mark|date_event1=9 November 1989|event1=Fall of Anti-Fascist Protection Wall|date_pre=8 May 1945|event_pre=Soviet liberation of Germany|event_start=Constitution adopted|event_end=Annexation by West Germany|date_end=3 October|date_start=7 October|leader_name4=Egon Krenz|leader_title4=1989|leader_name3=Erich Honecker|leader_title3=1971–1989|leader_name2=Walter Ulbricht|native_name=Deutsche Demokratische Republik|leader_title2=1950–1971|leader_name1=Wilhelm Pieck and Otto Grotewohl|leader_title1=1946–1950|population_census_year=1990|population_census=16,111,000|mode_of_production=Socialism|area_km2=108,333|official_languages=German|capital=East Berlin|englishmotto=Workers of the the world, unite!|motto=Proletarier aller Länder, vereinigt Euch!|year_end=1990|year_start=1949|name=|HDI=0.953 (1989)|drives_on=right|GDP_PPP_year=1989|GDP_PPP_per_capita=$42,004|GDP_PPP=$525.29 billion|cctld=.dd|calling_code=+37|legislature=[[Volkskammer]]|national_anthem="Auferstanden aus Ruinen"<br />"Risen from Ruins"|population_density_km2=149|today=[[Germany]]}}
The '''German Democratic Republic''' ('''GDR'''), sometimes referred to as '''East Germany''', was a country that existed from 1949 to 1990. In Western media it was referred to as a [[communist state]], but it described itself as a [[Socialist state|socialist]] "workers' and peasants' state".<ref name="MajorOsmond">Patrick Major, Jonathan Osmond, ''The Workers' and Peasants' State: Communism and Society in East Germany Under Ulbricht 1945–71'', Manchester University Press, 2002, ISBN 978-0-7190-6289-6</ref>
The '''German Democratic Republic''' (German: ''Deutsche Demokratische Republik'', '''GDR''' or '''DDR'''), sometimes referred to as '''East Germany''', was a country that existed from 1949 to 1990. In Western media it was referred to as a [[communist state]], but it described itself as a [[Socialist state|socialist]] "workers' and peasants' state".<ref>'''Chapter 1, Article 1''' of the ''1968 Constitution of the German Democratic Republic (1974 amendments) [[http://www.documentarchiv.de/ddr/verfddr.html Text (in German)]; [https://web.archive.org/web/20220318151408/http://www.documentarchiv.de/ddr/verfddr.html Archived]]''</ref>
 
The GDR was formed on 7 October 1949 with the adoption of its first constitution; elections for the Constitutional Assembly were held 5 months earlier, on 15 and 16 May 1949.
 
The GDR was annexed by the Federal Republic of Germany, also known as West Germany, on 3 October 1990.


==References==
==References==


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Revision as of 18:13, 23 March 2022

Deutsche Demokratische Republik
1949–1990
Motto: Proletarier aller Länder, vereinigt Euch!
Workers of the the world, unite!
Anthem: "Auferstanden aus Ruinen"
"Risen from Ruins"
CapitalEast Berlin
Official languagesGerman
Dominant mode of productionSocialism
GovernmentFederal Marxist-Leninist socialist republic (1949–1952)
Unitary Marxist-Leninist socialist republic (1952–1989)
Unitary parliamentary republic (1989–1990)
• 1946–1950
Wilhelm Pieck and Otto Grotewohl
• 1950–1971
Walter Ulbricht
• 1971–1989
Erich Honecker
• 1989
Egon Krenz
LegislatureVolkskammer
History
• Soviet liberation of Germany
8 May 1945
• Constitution adopted
7 October 1949
• Fall of Anti-Fascist Protection Wall
9 November 1989
• Annexation by West Germany
3 October 1990
Area
• Total
108,333 km²
Population
• 1990 census
16,111,000
• Density
149 km²
GDP (PPP)1989 estimate
• Total
$525.29 billion
• Per capita
$42,004
HDI0.953 (1989)
CurrencyEast German mark
Driving sideright
Calling code+37
Internet TLD.dd
Today part ofGermany

The German Democratic Republic (German: Deutsche Demokratische Republik, GDR or DDR), sometimes referred to as East Germany, was a country that existed from 1949 to 1990. In Western media it was referred to as a communist state, but it described itself as a socialist "workers' and peasants' state".[1]

The GDR was formed on 7 October 1949 with the adoption of its first constitution; elections for the Constitutional Assembly were held 5 months earlier, on 15 and 16 May 1949.

The GDR was annexed by the Federal Republic of Germany, also known as West Germany, on 3 October 1990.

References

  1. Chapter 1, Article 1 of the 1968 Constitution of the German Democratic Republic (1974 amendments) [Text (in German); Archived]