Editing Mongolian People's Republic (1924–1992)

{{Infobox country|name=Mongolian People's Republic|official_languages=Mongolian|date_end=February 13|date_event1=March 9 1990|event1=Counterrevolution|date_pre=March 1 1921|event_pre=People's Revolution|date_start=November 26|event_start=People's Republic proclaimed|established_event1=|government_type=[[Marxist-Leninist]] state|native_name=Бүгд Найрамдах Монгол Ард Улс|image_flag=Mongolian People's Republic Flag.png|mode_of_production=[[Socialism]]|area_km2=1,564,116|capital=Ulaanbaatar|population_estimate_year=1992|population_estimate=2,318,000|year_end=1992|year_start=1924|event_end=Current constitution}}
The '''Mongolian People's Republic''' was a [[socialist state]] that existed from 1924 to 1992. Under socialism, the life expectancy increased and illiteracy was eliminated.<ref name=":0">{{Web citation|newspaper=Oktyabr|title=History of Socialism in the Mongolian People’s Republic|date=2020-07-17|url=https://oktyabrvperedi.wordpress.com/2020/07/17/history-of-socialism-in-the-mongolian-peoples-republic/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220824090805/https://oktyabrvperedi.wordpress.com/2020/07/17/history-of-socialism-in-the-mongolian-peoples-republic/|archive-date=2022-08-24|retrieved=2022-09-11}}</ref>

== History ==

=== Revolution ===
Mongolia was [[Feudalism|feudal]] society and part of the [[Qing dynasty (1636–1912)|Qing Dynasty]] until it collapsed in 1911. In 1921, with the support of the [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (1917–1991)|Soviet]] [[Red Army]], the Mongolian Revolutionary Army captured the capital city of Örgöö, which was renamed Ulaanbaatar. 

=== People's Republic ===
The People's Republic was proclaimed on 1924 November 26. It launched a policy of liquidating the [[aristocracy]] and [[clergy]], who still controlled 30% of the country's livestock,<ref name=":0" /> and recognized the independence of the [[Tuvan People's Republic (1921–1944)|Tuvan People's Republic]] in 1925. In September 1926, Mongolia separated the church and state.<ref name=":1">{{Citation|author=Y. M. Zhukov, et al.|year=1973|title=History of the Mongolian People's Republic|title-url=https://archive.org/details/HistoryOfTheMPR/page/n161/mode/1up?view=theater|page=320–328}}</ref>

In 1929 and 1930, more than 600 states were expropriated from feudal lords and their livestock was divided among poor peasants.<ref name=":1" />

For the first decade after the [[Sino-Soviet split]], Mongolia was neutral. In January 1966, Mongolia and the [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (1922–1991)|Soviet Union]] signed a mutual defense treaty. In the first half of 1969, over 4,000 livestock shelters were built that were capable of protecting over 1.8 million animals from the cold.<ref>{{Citation|author=Robert A. Smith|year=1970|title=Mongolia: In the Soviet Camp|title-url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2642142?read-now=1&refreqid=excelsior%3A34573745e622e1d2daad8826b136471c&seq=1|page=25–29|publisher=University of California Press}}</ref>

The publication ''Unen'' (Mongolian: ''Үнэн''), meaning "truth", was the central organ of the [[Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party]].<ref>Akiner, Shirin. [https://archive.org/details/mongoliatoday00akin/page/n30/mode/1up "Mongolia Today."] 1991. Kegan Paul International, Central Asia Research Forum, London.</ref><ref>[http://bse.sci-lib.com/article114222.html "Определение ""Унэн"" в Большой Советской Энциклопедии"] [Definition of "Unen" in the ''Great Soviet Encyclopedia'']. ''bse.sci-lib.com'' (in Russian). [https://web.archive.org/web/20211005160953/http://bse.sci-lib.com/article114222.html Archived] from the original on 2021-10-05.</ref>

=== Counterrevolution ===
In 1990, a [[Colour revolution|color revolution]] occurred and bourgeois parties were allowed to compete in elections. The Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party still won but eventually became a [[Social democracy|social democratic]] party by 1991.<ref>{{Citation|author=Dieter Nohlen, et al.|year=2001|title=Elections in Asia: A data handbook|chapter=|section=|page=490|quote=|pdf=|city=|publisher=|isbn=0199249598|doi=|lg=|mia=|title-url=|chapter-url=|trans-title=|trans-lang=}}</ref> The current constitution of [[Mongolia]] was adopted in 1992. After the adoption of the new constitution, the name of the state became "Mongolia".<ref>[https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Mongolia_2001.pdf?lang=en "Mongolia's Constitution of 1992 with Amendments through 2001."] Constitute Project. PDF generated 27 Apr 2022. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220508161003/https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Mongolia_2001.pdf?lang=en Archived] 2022-05-08.</ref>

== References ==
<references />
[[Category:Former socialist republics]]