Editing Linux

[[Image:Tux.svg|200px|thumb|Tux, the communal mascot of Linux.]]
'''Linux''' is a [[Free and open-source software|free and open-source]] [[UNIX]]-like monolithic kernel created by [[Linus Torvalds]] and developed by the linux community. Linux is managed with the version control system <code>git</code> and licensed under the [[GNU General Public License]] version 2.

Linux is often bundled with the [[GNU]] utilities. Although, this is not always the case, as can be seen by distributions like Alpine Linux.<ref>{{Web citation|author=The Alpine Linux Developers|newspaper=Alpine Linux|title=Main Page|date=2023-5-24|url=https://www.alpinelinux.org/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230520235223/https://www.alpinelinux.org/|archive-date=2023-5-20|retrieved=2023-5-24|quote=Alpine Linux is a security-oriented, lightweight Linux distribution based on musl libc and busybox.}}</ref>

==History==

Linus Torvalds released the Linux Kernel in source-code form in 1991.<ref name=":0">{{Web citation|title=Linux 0.01 Documentation|url=http://www.oldlinux.org/Linux.old/Linux-0.01/docs/}}</ref> The next year, in February 1992, Linux was released under the GNU General Public License.<ref>{{Web citation|title=Linux 0.12 Documentation|url=http://www.oldlinux.org/Linux.old/Linux-0.12/docs/}}</ref>

===NVIDIA's Open-Source Boycott on Linux===

In 2011, the [[NVIDIA Corporation]] refused to provide open-source <abbr title='Graphical Processing Unit'>GPU</abbr> drivers;<ref>{{Web citation|url=https://www.pcworld.com/article/427004/why-nvidia-graphics-cards-are-the-worst-for-open-source-but-the-best-for-linux-gaming.html|title=Why Nvidia graphics cards are the worst for open-source, but the best for Linux gaming|newspaper=PCWorld|author=Chris Hoffman|date=2015-04-17}}</ref> Linux developers were forced to reverse engineer proprietary NVIDIA GPUs to develop open-source drivers, to which NVIDIA provided horrendous support.{{helper}}

Linus Torvalds famously responded to the boycott with a middle finger and a curse word: "NVIDIA, Fuck you!"<ref>{{YouTube citation|url=https://youtube.com/watch?v=_36yNWw_07g|channel=Kuttofos|date=2012-06-17|title=Linus Torvalds To Nvidia - "Fuck You"}}</ref>

===NSA Interrogation===

In 2013, [[Nils Torvalds]] reported that the [[National Security Agency]] contacted Linus Torvalds with a request to add backdoors into Linux.<ref>{{Web citation|url=https://falkvinge.net/2013/11/17/nsa-asked-linus-torvalds-to-install-backdoors-into-gnulinux/|title=[[National Security Agency|NSA]] Asked Linus Torvalds To Install Backdoors Into GNU/Linux}}</ref>

==Linux distributions==

Linux distributions (operating systems that use Linux) often use the [[GNU coreutils]]. Although, many alternatives to the GNU coreutils exist, such as [[Uutils]] and [[Busybox]].

===State-developed===

Many [[State|states]] have developed a Linux-based operating system to develop sovereign economies and break dependence on [[Microsoft Windows]], which has backdoors usable by the [[Central Intelligence Agency]].

* The [[Russian Federation]] developed and is transitioning to [[Astra Linux]],<ref>{{Web citation|url=https://astralinux.ru|title=Российские операционные системы (ОС), отечественное ПО для виртуализации и резервного копирования &#124; Astra Linux (Russian operating system, home virtualization, and reserve software &#124; Astra Linux)}}</ref> due to it's compliance to state orders for use of domestic software.<ref>{{Web citation|url=https://astralinux.ru/main-government|title=Государственный сектор}}</ref>
* The [[Republic of Cuba]] developed [[Nova]].<ref>{{Web citation|url=https://www.nova.cu/|title=Nova &#124; Portal Web}}</ref>
* The [[Democratic People's Republic of Korea|DPRK]] (through the Korea Computer Center) developed [[Red Star OS]].{{helper|helper-text=Confirm Linux heritage|hover-text=Find sources confirming that Red Star OS is based off Linux.}}

==Attacks by Microsoft==

==External Links==
* [https://kernel.org kernel.org]
* [https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/ Torvalds Linux repository]

==References==
<references />
[[Category:Computer operating systems]]
[[Category:Free and open-source software]]