Editing Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria

{{Infobox country|name=Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria|native_name=Rêveberiya Xweser a Bakur û Rojhilatê Sûriyeyê<br>الإدارة الذاتية لشمال وشرق سوريا|image_flag=AANE flag.png|image_map=AANES map.png|map_width=290|largest_city=Raqqa|capital=Ayn Issa|official_languages=Arabic<br>Kurdish|regional_languages=Adyghe<br>Syriac<br>Turkish|mode_of_production=[[Communism]]/[[Socialism]] (<i>de jure</i>)<br>[[Capitalism]] (<i>de facto</i>)|government_type=[[Libertarian socialism|Libertarian Socialist]] confederation|leader_title1=Co-presidents|leader_name1=Îlham Ehmed<br>Mansur Selum|established_event1=Transitional government declared|established_date1=2013|established_event2=New government declared|established_date2=6 September 2018|area_km2=50,000|population_estimate=2,000,000|population_estimate_year=2018}}

The '''Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria''' ('''AANES'''), also known as '''Rojava''', is an autonomous region in [[Syrian Arab Republic|Syria]]. It is led by the [[Democratic Union Party]] (PYD) and other allied parties. Rojava has a defense force known as the [[Syrian Democratic Forces|SDF]], which includes the [[People's Defense Units|YPG]], a Kurdish militia.<ref name=":0">{{News citation|newspaper=Line Struggle Collective|title=On Rojava and the Western Left|date=2020-04-22|url=https://linestruggle.medium.com/on-rojava-and-the-western-left-bac1b858173e|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220128024529/https://linestruggle.medium.com/on-rojava-and-the-western-left-bac1b858173e|archive-date=2022-01-28|retrieved=2022-07-05}}</ref>

== Economy ==
The AANES maintains a system of primarily private ownership of the means of production, making it effectively a decentralized capitalist economy,<ref name=":0" /> with most of the economy being made up of the private and public sector. In 2012, after the implementation of the "People's Economy Plan" by the councils, private property and entrepreneurship are protected under the sovereign principle of “ownership by use”.<ref name=":1">{{Citation|year=2015|title=A Small Key Can Open a Large Door: The Rojava Revolution|publisher=Strangers In a Tangled Wilderness}}</ref> With a regional official stating that "The method in Rojava is not so much against private property, but rather has the goal of putting private property in the service of all the peoples who live in Rojava".<ref name=":2">{{Web citation|newspaper=Co-operation in Mesopotamia|title=Rojava – the formation of an economic alternative: Private property in the service of all|date=2015-06-15|url=https://mesopotamia.coop/rojava-the-formation-of-an-economic-alternative-private-property-in-the-service-of-all/}}</ref>

While there's hundreds of small worker co-operatives, these play a minimal role in the economy of the region, with 12% of the economy in Jazira, the largest region of Northern Syria, being based on worker co-operatives,<ref name=":2" /> with services such as gas and oil being operated mainly by private businesses. The major source of revenue for the AANES is not only taxes, but entrepeneurs, landlords, businessmen and venture capitalists, with these influencing government actions and even maintaining high rank positions within it.<ref name=":3">{{Web citation|newspaper=European University Institute|title=Sinan Hatahet, The Political Economy of the Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria|url=https://cadmus.eui.eu/bitstream/handle/1814/65364/MED_WPCS_2019_16.pdf}}</ref>

== Political Structure ==
While the official statement of the AANES is that all property is now controlled by communes and city councils, according to the Ministry of Economics, councils have only been set up for about one third of the enterprises in Rojava so far.<ref name=":1" /> The power of communes is extremely limited, being only local issues or consultative functions. Above these are the councils, these are not working class councils but councils in which political parties, unions, professions and tribal leaders of local government branches are represented, with real state power being handled elsewhere.<ref name=":3" /> The AANES in each region consists of a Supreme Constitutional Court, a High Electoral Commission, a Judicial Council, a Legislative Council and an Executive Council, with these being for the most part, appointed, not elected.<ref name=":3" />

== Kurdish nationalism ==
The YPG assassinated Assyrian leader [[David Jindo]] in 2015 because he supported a united Syria and opposed Kurdish nationalism. In 2018, the PYD forced several Assyrian schools controlled by the [[Syrian Orthodox Church]] to close. Rojavan authorities published a book worshipping Kurdish warlord [[Simko Shakak]] who massacred Assyrian civilians.<ref name=":0" />

== U.S. support ==
The SDF receives much of its arms from the [[United States of America|United States]] and the U.S. has established seven military bases in the area.<ref name=":0" /> The [[United States National Security Council|U.S. National Security Council]] called Rojava "another [[State of Israel|Israel]] in the region."<ref>{{News citation|author=James Laporta|newspaper=Newsweek|title=Exclusive: Official Who Heard Call Says Trump Got 'Rolled' By Turkey and 'Has No Spine'|date=2019-07-10|url=https://www.newsweek.com/exclusive-official-who-heard-call-says-trump-got-rolled-turkey-has-no-spine-1463623|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220407050416/https://www.newsweek.com/exclusive-official-who-heard-call-says-trump-got-rolled-turkey-has-no-spine-1463623|archive-date=2022-04-07|retrieved=2022-07-05}}</ref>

== References ==
<references />
[[Category:Separatist states]]