Editing Hồ Chí Minh

{{Infobox revolutionary
| name = Hồ Chí Minh
| image = File:Uncle Ho.jpg
| image_size = 200px
| caption = Portrait of comrade Ho Chi Minh
| nationality = [[Vietnam|Vietnamese]]
| birth_name          = Nguyễn Sinh Cung
| birth_date          = {{birth date|1890|5|19}}
| birth_place         = Kim Liên, Nghệ An Province, French Indochina
| death_date          = {{death date and age|1969|09|02|1890|05|19}}
| death_place         = Hanoi, North Vietnam
| death_cause         = Heart failure
| political_line = [[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Ho Chi Minh Thought]]
}}
'''Ho Chi Minh'''<ref group="lower-alpha">Vietnamese: Hồ Chí Minh, “the one who shines”</ref> (May 19, 1890 — September 2, 1969) was a [[Vietnam|Vietnamese]] [[Revolution|revolutionary]]. He is known in Vietnam by the nickname ''Uncle Ho''.

Ho Chi Minh joined the [[Communist Party of France]] in 1920, studied in the [[Soviet Union]] in 1923, joined the [[Communist International]] in 1924, and carried out revolutionary activities in [[Republic of China|China]] from 1924 to 1927. In 1930, he founded the [[Communist Party of Indochina]], and in 1941 he initiated the establishment of the [[Vietnam Independence League]], which led the struggle against the [[France|French]] [[Colonialism|colonialists]] and [[Empire of Japan (1868–1947)|Japanese]] [[imperialism]]. 

Ho Chi Minh was elected [[President]] and [[Prime Minister]] of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam in March 1946, Chairman of the Central Committee of the [[Vietnam Labor Party]] (now the [[Communist Party of Vietnam]]) from February 1951 to 1969, and led the war against France from 1945 to 1954, and the [[Vietnam War|war against the]] [[United States of America|United States]] in the 1960s. He died in [[Hanoi]] on September 2, 1969, at the age of 79.

Aside from being a politician, Ho was also a writer, a poet and a journalist. He wrote several books, articles and poems in French, Chinese and Vietnamese.

== Life ==

=== Early life ===
In 1890, Ho Chi Minh was born and raised in the province of Nghê An as a child of a rural teacher. At that time, Vietnam had suffered a French invasion in 1858. Despite many struggles of resistance, the French colonialists consolidated its occupation by 1884.

Ho Chi Minh learned [[Esperanto]] between 1914 and 1917 in his visit to Britain.<ref name=:1>{{Web citation|url=http://esperanto.cri.cn/1/2006/12/27/1@51427.htm|title=Ho Chi Minh kaj Esperanto|date=2006-12-27T14:53:21Z+08:00|newspaper=[[China Radio International]]}}</ref> 

=== Activism in France ===
In 1911, Ho Chi Minh left Vietnam to seek for ways to achieve [[national liberation]] of his country. He traveled to France, visited various French colonies in Africa, went to the United States and many Latin American countries. He also went to England, [[German Empire (1871–1918)|Germany]] and [[Russian Empire (1721–1917)|Russia]], then finally returned to France.

In 1919, Ho Chi Minh joined the [[Socialist Party of France]] and studied social theory, the French and North-American revolutions, the [[Commune of Paris]], and the [[October Revolution]] in Russia. In June 1919, he presented a 8-point platform in the [[Paris Peace Conference]], demanding freedom from colonial interference in Vietnam.

In 1920, it was the first time Ho Chi Minh had access to Lenin's article ''Theses on the national and colonial questions'', published in the periodical ''L'Humanité'', the newspaper organ of French Socialist Party. In December of that same year, Ho Chi Mihn participated of the 18th Congress of the FSP, in which the French Communist Party was founded.

=== Vietnamese independence movement ===
In 1924, Ho Chi Minh traveled to China, in the city of Guangzhou. Along with other revolutionaries from parts of Asia, including [[Republic of China|China]], [[Korea]], [[British Raj|India]], [[Kingdom of Thailand|Thailand]], [[Indonesia]] and [[Malaysia]], he founded the Association of Oppressed Peoples of Asia.<ref name=":0" /> In the same year, he traveled to [[Moscow]] to speak in support of [[national liberation]] at the 5th Congress of the [[Communist International (1919–1943)|Comintern]].<ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=[[Workers World]]|title=Malcolm X, Ho Chi Minh, ¡presente! − a WW statement|date=2023-05-19|url=https://www.workers.org/2023/05/71039/}}</ref>

In 1925, Ho Chi Minh helped develop the Association of Vietnamese Revolutionary Youth, what became the embryo of the [[Communist Party of Vietnam]].

In 1931, the Hong Kong police arrested Ho Chi Minh at the request of France.

In 1935, the first National Congress of [[Communist Party of Vietnam|CPV]] was established.<ref name=":0">{{Citation|author=Ho Chi Minh, Pedro de Oliveira|year=2020|title=Ho Chi Minh: vida e obra do líder da libertação nacional do Vietnã|publisher=Anita Garibaldi|lg=http://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=F1CE2894533FCF97DD818701AB172421|trans-title=|trans-lang=}}</ref>

In September 1945, Ho Chi Minh declared Vietnam's independence from France by simply saying, "We are free".<ref>{{Citation|author=[[Vijay Prashad]]|year=2017|title=Red Star over the Third World|chapter=Preface|page=12|pdf=https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/bafykbzacecu7gb2ei65us6ip3r2ugcgkblneqcftbm456mb6bzvprkbqk55qm?filename=Vijay%20Prashad%20-%20Red%20Star%20Over%20the%20Third%20World-LeftWord%20Books%20%282018%29.pdf|city=New Delhi|publisher=LeftWord Books}}</ref>

=== Anti-French Resistance War ===

=== Resistance War against the United States ===

== See also ==

* [[:Category:Library works by Ho Chi Minh|Library works by Ho Chi Minh]]

== References ==
<references />

=== Notes ===
<references group="lower-alpha" />
[[Category:Anti-imperialists]]
[[Category:Communist leaders]]
[[Category:Marxists]]
[[Category:Esperantists]]