The Italian fascist government of 1922 was the first known historical example of large-scale privatizations of state-owned enterprises.<ref>{{Citation|author=Germà Bel|year=2011|title=The first privatization: Selling SOEs and privatizing public monopolies in Fascist Italy (1922-1925)|chapter=|page=|quote=Italy’s first Fascist government applied a large-scale privatization policy between 1922 and 1925. [...] These interventions represent one of the earliest and most decisive privatization episodes in the Western world.|pdf=|city=|publisher=|isbn=|doi=10.1093/cje/beq051|lg=|mia=|title-url=|chapter-url=|trans-title=|trans-lang=}}</ref>The most extreme form of fascism was German fascism, which called itself National Socialism despite being supported by finance capitalists.<ref name=":0">{{Citation|author=[[Georgi Dimitrov]]|year=1937|title=The United Front|page=10–11|chapter=The Fascist Offensive and the Tasks of the Communist International|title-url=http://marx2mao.com/Other/TUF35i.html|city=San Francisco|publisher=Proletarian Publishers|chapter-url=http://marx2mao.com/Other/TUF35i.html#c1}}</ref> Bourgeois magazine ''The Economist'' introduced the euphemism ''privatization'' in 1936, to describe [[German fascism|Nazi Germany]]'s economic policies,<ref>{{Citation|author=Germà Bel|year=2006|title=Retrospectives: the coining of “privatization” and Germany's National Socialist Party|chapter=|page=|pdf=|city=|publisher=Journal of Economic Perspectives, 20(3), 187–194|isbn=|doi=10.1257/jep.20.3.187|lg=|mia=|title-url=|chapter-url=|trans-title=|trans-lang=|quote=}}</ref> which from a Marxist perspective is the selling out of state infrastructure to the highest bidder.German fascism was most known for its [[Genocide|genocidal]], [[Expansionism|expansionist]], [[Imperialism|imperialist]] and [[Colonialism|colonialist]] rule under the [[National-socialist German Workers' Party|Nazi Party]] from 1933 to 1945, culminating in the deaths of at least 30 million people, including 26.6 million Soviets.<ref>{{Citation|author=Lieutenant Colonel S.B. Eremenko|year=|title=On the issue of losses of the opposing sides at the Soviet-German front during the Great Patriotic War|chapter=|page=|quote=Today we can state with a certain degree of probability that losses of the Soviet Union amounted to 26.6 million people, including losses of the Armed Forces amounted to 8,668,400 servicemen. The total statistical figure includes not only those killed in action and those who died from wounds and illnesses, but also civilians killed during bombing, artillery shelling and punitive actions, prisoners of war and underground fighters shot and tortured in camps, and those sent away for forced labor in Germany.|pdf=|city=|publisher=Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation|isbn=|doi=|lg=|mia=|title-url=https://encyclopedia.mil.ru/encyclopedia/history/more.htm?id=11359251@cmsArticle|chapter-url=|trans-title=К вопросу о потерях противоборствующих сторон на советско-германском фронте в годы Великой Отечественной войны: правда и вымысел|trans-lang=Russian}}</ref> While the word "Nazi" is short for "National socialist", they were capitalists, the term "socialist" being nothing more than a ploy to gain working-class support. Not only did the German fascists allow the virulent [[exploitation]] of the working people and concentration of capital,<ref>{{Citation|author=Sidney Merlin|year=1943|title=Trends in German economic control since 1933|chapter=|page=207|quote=The party, moreover, facilitates the accumulation of private fortunes and industrial empires by its foremost members and collaborators through "privatization" and other measures, thereby intensifying centralization of economic affairs and government in an increasingly narrow group that may for all practical purposes be termed the national socialist elite.|pdf=|city=|publisher=The Quarterly Journal of Economics, vol. 57|isbn=|doi=10.2307/1882751|lg=|mia=|title-url=|chapter-url=|trans-title=|trans-lang=}}</ref> they adopted a [[Settler colonialism|settler-colonial]] model coupled with exploitation, colonialism, and mass terror applied to the [[Europe|European continent]].<ref>{{Citation|author=Thomas Kühne|year=2013|title=Colonialism and the Holocaust: continuities, causations, and complexities|chapter=German colonialism and German peculiarities|page=343|quote=Hitler's writings and speeches, public and private, left no doubt that Lebensraum, or living space, was to be gained on the continent rather than overseas. The German equivalent of British India or French Algeria was not Cameroon, Togo or German Southwest Africa but central and east Europe, as some scholars have reminded the advocates of the salt water colonial paradigm.|pdf=|city=|publisher=Journal of Genocide Research, vol. 15|isbn=|doi=10.1080/14623528.2013.821229|lg=|mia=|title-url=|chapter-url=|trans-title=|trans-lang=}}</ref> The ideological justification for colonization of European peoples by Nazis was promoted as ''[[Lebensraum]]'',<ref group="lower-alpha">English: ''Living space''</ref> and was directly influenced by [[United States of America|Statesian]] genocide of native peoples through [[Manifest Destiny]].<ref>{{Citation|author=Robert J. Miller|year=2020|title=Nazi Germany's race laws, the United States, and American Indians|chapter=|page=14|quote=Many of the Lebensraum justifications that Hitler and Nazis used directly echoed the justifications given for American Manifest Destiny. (...) National Socialists took on the mantle of noble colonizers who were fighting against ignoble savages. Not surprisingly, scholars recognize that these Nazi ideas on Lebensraum were largely modeled on late-nineteenth and early-twentieth century understandings of American expansion.|pdf=|city=|publisher=|isbn=|doi=|lg=http://librarian.libgen.gs/ads.php?md5=77a60b95047d1913f026368bbf9a3225&downloadname=10.2139/ssrn.3541009|mia=|title-url=|chapter-url=|trans-title=|trans-lang=}}</ref>The Nazi Party was beaten into dissolution by the [[Soviet Union]] after the Battle of Berlin in May 1945.
Japanese fascism, also known as Shōwa Statism, was based on a number of [[imperialist]] and [[Ultranationalism|ultranationalist]] political ideas from various Japanese thinkers. Japanese fascism manifested itself in extreme militarism, monarchism, and expansionism in [[Asia]].
From 1933 to 1974, [[Portugal]] was ruled by the ''Estado Novo'' ("New State"), headed by [[António de Oliveira Salazar]]. Under Salazar's dictatorship, the Portuguese [[working class]] was subjugated to [[reactionary]] [[Christianity|Christian]] doctrine, as well as a [[Third Positionism|corporatist]] economy. The Salazarist regime was also militantly [[imperialist]], repressing calls for independence and self-determination in [[Republic of Angola|Angola]] and [[Republic of Mozambique|Mozambique]]. The Estado Novo would finally fall in 1974, after a military coup. By the end of the 1970s, Portugal had returned to being a bourgeois democracy.<ref>{{Citation|author=Howard J. Wiarda|year=1977|title=Corporatism and Development: The Portuguese Experience|title-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dHFaAAAAIAAJ|publisher=University of Massachusetts Press|isbn=9780870232213|trans-lang=English}}</ref>Portugal, at the time a Fascist dictatorship, was one of the founding members of the [[North Atlantic Treaty Organization]].
Following the victory of the [[United Front]] in 1936, a fascist revolt led by General Franco broke out, whose ambitions were assisted by invading Germany and Italy, and silently backed by the rest of the allies. A [[Spanish Civil War|civil war]] lasting three years followed, culminating in the crushing of Republican forces. The regime went on to last three more decades, and it is said that the current "reformed" Spanish state is a continuation of the same regime. Notably, Franco reintroduced the king of Spain in 1956 (whose parent was deposed in 1931). To this day, Spain remains a monarchy.
{{Main article|Oswald Mosley}} The United States of North America
[[File:USA capital photo jan. 2021.jpg|thumb|Many neo-fascist groups were involved in the [[2021 United States Capitol riot|2021 United States Capitol coup attempt.]]]]
After World War II, the settler-colonial United States of North America began to be the new pioneer of orientalism,<ref>{{Citation|author=Edward Said|year=1978|title=Orientalism|publisher=Vintage Books|page=4|quote=From the beginning of the nineteenth century until the end of World War II France and Britain dominated the Orient and Orientalism; since World War II America has dominated the Orient, and approaches it as France and Britain once did.}}</ref> and, unsurprisingly, many Fascist currents are initially developed there before being replicated internationally.<ref>{{Citation|author=Alex Ross|year=2018|publisher=The New Yorker|title=How American Racism Influenced Hitler|title-url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2018/04/30/how-american-racism-influenced-hitler}}</ref> Contemporary fascists such as the [[White House]] cabinet member and close advisor to [[Donald Trump]], Steve Bannon, have publicly quoted Julius Evola.<ref>{{Citation|author=Jason Horowitz|year=2017|title=Steve Bannon Cited Italian Thinker Who Inspired Fascists|publisher=The New York Times|title-url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/10/world/europe/bannon-vatican-julius-evola-fascism.html}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|author=Morgan Jones|year=2022|title=How Julius Evola Became the Internet’s Favorite Fascist|publisher=Jacobin|title-url=https://jacobin.com/2022/12/fascism-far-right-evola-bannon-bronze-age-pervert}}</ref> Evola was an Italian fascist ideologue, spiritualist, and orientalist, influenced by theosophy and Nietszche, who (like Mussolini) called for a restoration of the ancient Roman empire, but fully rejected [[modern]] Western society and predicted its [[accelerationism|accelerationist]] collapse and the return of pre-"rational", "feudal", "mystic" society in his own Esoteric Fascist theory.<ref>{{Citation|author=Julius Evola|year=1934|publisher=Inner Traditions|title=Revolt Against the Modern World|trans-title=Rivolta contro il mondo moderno|page=341|quote=Conversely, it has rightfully been suggested that the feudal system is that which characterizes the majority of the great traditional eras and the one most suited for the regular development of traditional structures. In this type of regime the principle of plurality and of relative political autonomy of the individual parts is emphasized, as is the proper context of that universal element, that unum quod non est pars that alone can really organize and unify these parts, not by contrasting but by presiding over each one of them through the transcendent, superpolitical, and regulating function that the universal embodies (Dante). In this event royalty works together with the feudal aristocracy and the imperial function does not limit the autonomy of the single principalities or kingdoms, as it assumes the single nationalities without altering them.|trans-lang=Italian}}</ref> Fascist New Agers have been found storming the capitol building of the United States of North America.<ref>{{Citation|author=Susannah Crockford|year=2021|publisher=Religion Dispatch|title=Q Shaman’s New Age-Radical Right Blend Hints at the Blurring of Seemingly Disparate Categories|title-url=https://religiondispatches.org/q-shamans-new-age-radical-right-blend-hints-at-the-blurring-of-seemingly-disparate-categories/}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|author=Angus Greig|year=2021|publisher=The Washington Post|title=QAnon’s Unexpected Roots in New Age Spirituality|title-url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/magazine/2021/03/29/qanon-new-age-spirituality/}}</ref>The term "alt-right" refers to a loose grouping of far-right extremists, largely based on the internet. Alt-righters are often "white nationalists" ([[Racism|white supremacists]]), [[Neo-Nazism|neo-nazis]], highly [[Sexism|misogynistic]], and otherwise chauvinist. Many alt-righters claim to be promoting a form of [[identity politics]], that is, for the support of white people or white males, against perceived repression from ethnic minorities and females. Many other alt-righters are openly white-supremacist, and otherwise seek to create a white ethno-state, often motivated by bloated and fear-mongering reports of "illegal aliens" (non-white people) that come from the [[Statesian]] [[Bourgeois media|capitalist news]].<ref>{{News citation|newspaper=Southern Poverty Law Center|title=Ideology: Alt-right|url=https://www.splcenter.org/fighting-hate/extremist-files/ideology/alt-right}}</ref>A cult of personality developed around multi-billionaire president [[Donald Trump]], whose rise to infamy was cheered on by a wave of reactionary nationalism, xenophobia, and populism. Such trends were marked by increased membership in neo-fascist paramilitary groups such as the [[Proud Boys]], [[Three Percenters]], and [[Oath Keepers|Oathkeepers]].
Trump’s rule ended in an [[2021 United States Capitol riot|attempted putsch of the American government]], mainly done by the Far-right paramilitary groups mentioned above. The putsch (often referred to in the capitalist media as the “Jan. 6 insurrection" or riot), was motivated by false conspiracy theories about the [[2020 United States presidential election|2020 election]] being rigged in favor of the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrats]], as well as Trump’s personal agitation.
{{Main article |Pinochet}}{{Main article |Alberto Fujimori}}{{Main article |2019 Bolivia Coup Attempt}}