Editing Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste

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{{Infobox country|name=Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste|native_name=Repúblika Demokrátika de Timór-Leste|image_flag=Flag of East Timor.svg|image_coat=East Timor COA.svg|capital=Dili|largest_city=Dili|mode_of_production=[[Neocolonial]] [[capitalism]]|government_type=Unitary semi-presidential republic|leader_title1=President|leader_name1=[[José Ramos-Horta]]|leader_title2=Prime Minister|leader_name2=[[Taur Matan Ruak]]|image_map=East Timor map.svg|map_width=260|official_languages=Portuguese<br>Tetum|area_km2=14,874|population_estimate=1,340,513|population_estimate_year=2021}}
{{Infobox country|name=Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste|native_name=Repúblika Demokrátika de
Timór-Leste|image_flag=Flag of East Timor.svg|image_coat=East Timor COA.svg|capital=Dili|largest_city=Dili|image_map=East Timor map.svg|map_width=260|official_languages=Portuguese<br>Tetum|area_km2=14,874|population_estimate=1,340,513|population_estimate_year=2021}}


'''East Timor''', officially the '''Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste''', is an island country in Southeast Asia. It was [[Colonialism|colonized]] by [[Portugal]] and later occupied by [[Republic of Indonesia|Indonesia]] until 1999.
'''East Timor''', officially the '''Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste''', is an island country in Southeast Asia. It was [[Colonialism|colonized]] by [[Portugal]] and later occupied by [[Republic of Indonesia|Indonesia]] until 1999.


== History ==
== History ==
 
The [[Timorese Democratic Union]] attempted a coup against the Portuguese colonizers in August 1975, leading to a brief civil war. The left-wing [[Revolutionary Front for an Independent East Timor|Fretilin]] party was the most successful in the war and declared independence from Portugal in November. Nine days later, Indonesia under [[Suharto]] invaded at the behest of [[Gerald Ford]] and [[Henry Kissinger]]. Indonesia occupied East Timor until 1999 with [[United States of America|US]] support, and the United States was one of the only countries that recognized East Timor as Indonesian territory. Indonesian troops killed about a third of the total East Timorese population.<ref>{{Citation|author=William Blum|year=2002|title=Rogue State: A Guide to the World's Only Superpower|chapter=A Concise History of United States Global Interventions,
=== Indonesian occupation ===
The [[Timorese Democratic Union]] attempted a coup against the Portuguese colonizers in August 1975, leading to a brief civil war. The left-wing [[Revolutionary Front for an Independent East Timor|FRETILIN]] party was the most successful in the war and declared independence from Portugal in November. Nine days later, Indonesia under [[Suharto]] invaded at the behest of [[Gerald Ford]] and [[Henry Kissinger]]. Indonesia occupied East Timor until 1999 with [[United States of America|US]] support, and the United States was one of the only countries that recognized East Timor as Indonesian territory. Indonesian troops killed about a third of the total East Timorese population.<ref>{{Citation|author=William Blum|year=2002|title=Rogue State: A Guide to the World's Only Superpower|chapter=A Concise History of United States Global Interventions,
1945 to the Present|isbn=9781842772201|publisher=Zed Books Ltd|lg=https://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=29EED3C6906FF165E08303B9EAF66B4F|pdf=https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/bafykbzacedas5bwprytpzcih6tof3ipede5uzmcvt47tfzwp4cptdau6vmjpy?filename=William%20Blum%20-%20Rogue%20State_%20A%20Guide%20to%20the%20World%27s%20Only%20Superpower-Zed%20Books%20Ltd%20%282002%29.pdf|page=124–125}}</ref>
1945 to the Present|isbn=9781842772201|publisher=Zed Books Ltd|lg=https://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=29EED3C6906FF165E08303B9EAF66B4F|pdf=https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/bafykbzacedas5bwprytpzcih6tof3ipede5uzmcvt47tfzwp4cptdau6vmjpy?filename=William%20Blum%20-%20Rogue%20State_%20A%20Guide%20to%20the%20World%27s%20Only%20Superpower-Zed%20Books%20Ltd%20%282002%29.pdf|page=124–125}}</ref>
=== IMF austerity ===
In 1999, following an independence referendum, the [[United Nations|UN]] established a transitional government dominated by the [[Neoliberalism|neoliberal]] [[International Monetary Fund|IMF]] and [[The World Bank|World Bank]]. East Timor became de jure independent and joined the United Nations in 2002. In 2006, the United States and [[Commonwealth of Australia|Australia]] organized a [[Colour revolution|color revolution]] to oust anti-IMF prime minister [[Mari Alkatiri]], who had opposed President [[Xanana Gusmão]]. Neoliberal technocrat [[Estanislau da Silva]] temporarily succeeded him before being replaced by another pro-[[Imperial core|Western]] politician, José Ramos-Horta.<ref name=":0">{{Web citation|author=Fernando A. T. Ximenes|newspaper=[[Monthly Review]]|title=Twenty-Two years of austerity in Timor-Leste: The IMF and rebuilding the neoliberal state from scratch|date=2022-12-30|url=https://mronline.org/2022/12/30/twenty-two-years-of-austerity-in-timor-leste-the-imf-and-rebuilding-the-neoliberal-state-from-scratch/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221231095812/https://mronline.org/2022/12/30/twenty-two-years-of-austerity-in-timor-leste-the-imf-and-rebuilding-the-neoliberal-state-from-scratch/|archive-date=2022-12-31|retrieved=2023-01-01}}</ref>
== Politics ==
The 2008 government of East Timor consisted of a coalition of four [[Right-wing politics|right-wing]], pro-Western parties: the National Congress for Timorese Reconstruction, [[Democratic Party (East Timor)|Democratic Party]], [[Social Democratic Party (East Timor)|Social-Democratic Party]], and [[Timorese Social-Democratic Association]].<ref name=":0" />


== References ==
== References ==
[[Category:Countries]]
[[Category:Countries]]
[[Category:Asian countries]]
[[Category:Global south]]
[[Category:Global south]]
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