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====Transvestitism==== | ====Transvestitism==== | ||
Transvestism was classified in the DSM-I and DSM-II as a sexual deviation; while the subsequent iterations | Transvestism was classified in the DSM-I and DSM-II as a sexual deviation; while the subsequent iterations classified it as a paraphilic disorder.<ref name='dsm-i sexuality' /><ref name='dsm-ii sexuality' /><ref name='dsm-iii paraphilias'>{{Citation|title=Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: Third Edition|year=1980|chapter=The Diagnostic Categories: Text and Criteria|section=Psychosexual Disorders|page=18|quote='''Paraphilias''' | ||
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302.30 Transvestism | 302.30 Transvestism | ||
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====Sadism & Masochism==== | ====Sadism & Masochism==== | ||
Sadism and masochism was classified in the DSM-I and DSM-II as a sexual deviation;<ref name='dsm-i sexuality' /><ref name='dsm-ii sexuality' /> while the subsequent iterations | Sadism and masochism was classified in the DSM-I and DSM-II as a sexual deviation;<ref name='dsm-i sexuality' /><ref name='dsm-ii sexuality' /> while the subsequent iterations classified them as a paraphilic disorder.<ref name='dsm-iii paraphilias' /><ref name='dsm-iv parahilia'>{{Citation|title=Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: Fourth Edition|isbn=9780890420614|page=493|chapter=Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders|quote=The Paraphilias are characterized by recurrent, intense sexual urges, fantasies, or behaviors that involve unusual objects, activities, or situations and cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. The Paraphilias include Exhibitionism, Fetishism, Frotteurism, Pedophilia, Sexual Masochism, Sexual Sadism, Transvestic Fetishism, Voyeurism, and Paraphilia Not Otherwise Specified.}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition: DSM-5|isbn=9780890425558|page=726}}</ref> This classification has garnered criticism from [[BDSM]] practitioners for potential discrimination of general BDSM practitioners; there was no requirement for clinically significant impairment; and perpetuation of stigma around BDSM.<ref>{{Web citation|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2015/01/bdsm-versus-the-dsm/384138/|title=BDSM Versus the DSM|author=Merissa Nathan Gerson|date=2015-01-13}}</ref> However, the DSM-5 introduced a criterion that Sexual Sadism and Masochism Disorder must cause clinically significant distress.<ref>{{Citation|title=Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition: DSM-5|isbn=9780890425558|page=726|quote=B. The fantasies, sexual urges, or behaviors cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.}}</ref> | ||
===Financial conflicts of interest=== | ===Financial conflicts of interest=== | ||