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{{Infobox guerilla organization|name=Euskadi Ta Askatasuna|image=ETA logo.png|dates=1952 (as Ekin) | {{Infobox guerilla organization|name=Euskadi Ta Askatasuna|image=ETA logo.png|dates=1952 (as Ekin)/31 July 1959 (first attacks)-16 April 2018 (on ceasefire from 5 September 2010)|allegiance=Basque Country|ideology=[[Basque Nationalism]]<br>[[Socialism]]<br>[[Anti-Imperialism]]|partof=[[Basque National Liberation Movement]]|allies='''Basque, Spanish, and Catalan Groups'''<br>[[Batasuna]]<br>[[Herri Batasuna]]<br>[[Terra Lliure]]<br>'''Elsewhere'''<br>[[Provisional Irish Republican Army]]<br>[[Liga de Unidade e Ação Revolucionária]]<br>[[Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia]]<br>[[Breton Revolutionary Army]]<br>[[Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya]]|war=[[Basque Conflict]]|opponents=[[Spain]]<br>[[France]]}} | ||
'''Euskadi Ta Askatasuna''' | '''Euskadi Ta Askatasuna''' abbreviated as '''ETA''', was a Basque Nationalist and socialist guerilla organization that existed during the [[Basque Conflict]]. | ||
== Founding and | == Founding and Early Developments == | ||
Euskadi Ta Askatasuna was founded as Ekin in 1952.<ref name=":0">{{Citation|author=Republican Sinn Féin|title=Defending the Earth|title-url=https://en.prolewiki.org/wiki/Library:Defending_the_Earth|chapter=The Basque Country|chapter-url=https://en.prolewiki.org/wiki/Library:Defending_the_Earth#The_Basque_Country|section=ETA}}</ref> | Euskadi Ta Askatasuna was founded as Ekin in 1952.<ref name=":0">{{Citation|author=Republican Sinn Féin|title=Defending the Earth|title-url=https://en.prolewiki.org/wiki/Library:Defending_the_Earth|chapter=The Basque Country|chapter-url=https://en.prolewiki.org/wiki/Library:Defending_the_Earth#The_Basque_Country|section=ETA}}</ref> | ||
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The first ETA conference was held in 1962. There they denounced racism and upheld secularism and socialism.<ref name=":0" /> | The first ETA conference was held in 1962. There they denounced racism and upheld secularism and socialism.<ref name=":0" /> | ||
== Fifth | == Fifth Conference and First Killings == | ||
In 1966 and 1967 the ETA's 5th conference occurred. The group adopted its basic principles there. Among these were commitment to the socialist cause and the establishment of cultural, political, labor, and military wings.<ref name=":0" /> | In 1966 and 1967 the ETA's 5th conference occurred. The group adopted its basic principles there. Among these were commitment to the socialist cause and the establishment of cultural, political, labor, and military wings.<ref name=":0" /> | ||
In June 1968 ETA leader [[Txabi Etxebarrieta]] shot and killed José Pardines, a police officer. Subsequently Etxebarrieta was murdered by Spanish police. These events constituted the first killing by the ETA and the first member death.<ref name=":0" /> | In June 1968 ETA leader [[Txabi Etxebarrieta]] shot and killed José Pardines, a police officer. Subsequently Etxebarrieta was murdered by Spanish police. These events constituted the first killing by the ETA and the first member death.<ref name=":0" /> | ||
== After the | == After the Fifth Conference == | ||
Francoist police torturer [[Meliton Manzana]] was killed by the ETA in its second fatal attack in August 1968. The Franco regime declared a state of emergency in the Guipuzcoa province after this. In 1969 almost the entirety of the leadership of the ETA was arrested.<ref name=":0" /> | Francoist police torturer [[Meliton Manzana]] was killed by the ETA in its second fatal attack in August 1968. The Franco regime declared a state of emergency in the Guipuzcoa province after this. In 1969 almost the entirety of the leadership of the ETA was arrested.<ref name=":0" /> | ||
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By the end of 1973 the ETA had split between its political-military and military wings. The political-military wing regrouped into the legal political party [[Party of the Basque Revolution]] (Partido para la Revolcion Vasxa)<ref name=":0" /> | By the end of 1973 the ETA had split between its political-military and military wings. The political-military wing regrouped into the legal political party [[Party of the Basque Revolution]] (Partido para la Revolcion Vasxa)<ref name=":0" /> | ||
== After Franco's | == After Franco's Death == | ||
== Ceasefire and | == Ceasefire and Dissolution == | ||
== References == | == References == | ||