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The city-states remained divided, with Thebes conquering Sparta in 371 BCE before [[Macedonia (808–168 BCE)|Macedon]] conquered all of Greece starting in 338 BCE.<ref name=":03">{{Web citation|author=Neil Faulkner|year=2013|title=A Marxist History of the World: From Neanderthals to Neoliberals|chapter=Ancient Empires|page=36–40|pdf=https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/bafykbzacedljwr5izotdclz23o3c5p4di4t3ero3ncbfytip55slhiz4otuls?filename=Neil%20Faulkner%20-%20A%20Marxist%20History%20of%20the%20World_%20From%20Neanderthals%20to%20Neoliberals-Pluto%20Press%20%282013%29.pdf|publisher=Pluto Press|isbn=9781849648639|lg=https://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=91CA6C708BFE15444FE27899217FBA8E}}</ref> | The city-states remained divided, with Thebes conquering Sparta in 371 BCE before [[Macedonia (808–168 BCE)|Macedon]] conquered all of Greece starting in 338 BCE.<ref name=":03">{{Web citation|author=Neil Faulkner|year=2013|title=A Marxist History of the World: From Neanderthals to Neoliberals|chapter=Ancient Empires|page=36–40|pdf=https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/bafykbzacedljwr5izotdclz23o3c5p4di4t3ero3ncbfytip55slhiz4otuls?filename=Neil%20Faulkner%20-%20A%20Marxist%20History%20of%20the%20World_%20From%20Neanderthals%20to%20Neoliberals-Pluto%20Press%20%282013%29.pdf|publisher=Pluto Press|isbn=9781849648639|lg=https://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=91CA6C708BFE15444FE27899217FBA8E}}</ref> | ||
==== Athens ==== | ==== Athens ==== | ||
Athens did not allow [[Slavery|slaves]], women, or foreigners to vote but did enfranchise poor [[Peasantry|farmers]] and artisans. Out of a total population of 200,000 people, only 30,000 could vote. The government consisted of ten leading officials (''strategoi'') who were elected every year, an elected council of 400 people (''boule''), and a popular assembly (''ekklesia'') of all free citizens. Courts of up to 2,500 people administered justice, and people who received 6,000 negative votes could be exiled from the city for ten years.<ref name=":03" /> | Athens did not allow [[Slavery|slaves]], women, or foreigners to vote but did enfranchise poor [[Peasantry|farmers]] and artisans. Out of a total population of 200,000 people, only 30,000 could vote. The government consisted of ten leading officials (''strategoi'') who were elected every year, an elected council of 400 people (''boule''), and a popular assembly (''ekklesia'') of all free citizens. Courts of up to 2,500 people administered justice, and people who received 6,000 negative votes could be exiled from the city for ten years.<ref name=":03" /> | ||
[[Solon]] cancelled debts in the early fifth century BCE, and [[Pisistratus]] and his descendants democratized the economy.<ref name=":1">{{Web citation|date=2023-05-05|title=Origins of debt: Michael Hudson reveals how financial oligarchies in Greece & Rome shaped our world|url=https://geopoliticaleconomy.com/2023/05/24/debt-michael-hudson-oligarchies-greece-rome/|newspaper=[[Geopolitical Economy Report]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230528041512/https://geopoliticaleconomy.com/2023/05/24/debt-michael-hudson-oligarchies-greece-rome/|archive-date=2023-05-28|author=[[Ben Norton]], [[Michael Hudson]]}}</ref> | [[Solon]] cancelled [[Debt|debts]] in the early fifth century BCE, and [[Pisistratus]] and his descendants democratized the economy.<ref name=":1">{{Web citation|date=2023-05-05|title=Origins of debt: Michael Hudson reveals how financial oligarchies in Greece & Rome shaped our world|url=https://geopoliticaleconomy.com/2023/05/24/debt-michael-hudson-oligarchies-greece-rome/|newspaper=[[Geopolitical Economy Report]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230528041512/https://geopoliticaleconomy.com/2023/05/24/debt-michael-hudson-oligarchies-greece-rome/|archive-date=2023-05-28|author=[[Ben Norton]], [[Michael Hudson]]}}</ref> | ||
==== Sparta ==== | ==== Sparta ==== | ||
Sparta banned [[money]] in an attempt to avoid the existence of debt | Sparta banned [[money]] in an attempt to avoid the existence of debt.<ref name=":1" /> | ||
=== Second World War === | === Second World War === |