Editing History of the socialist movement in the United States

The New Left was a political movement in the Western world which was socially progressive but was carefully manipulated by intelligence agencies to ensure that it would avoid the class analysis found in Marxism-Leninism. The so-called "Father of the New Left", Herbert Marcuse, was actually an agent for the Office of Strategic Services, the precursor to the [[Central Intelligence Agency]].<ref>https://www.marcuse.org/herbert/booksabout/70s/Bourne1979MarcuseGrandfatherNewLeft.pdf</ref><ref>Rothman, Stanley (2017). ''The End of the Experiment: The Rise of Cultural Elites and the Decline of America's Civic Culture''. Routledge. p. 177. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9781351295628|<bdi>9781351295628</bdi>]]. Archived from the original on 2020-08-03. Retrieved 2017-10-31</ref><ref>''Secret Reports on Nazi Germany. The Frankfurt School Contribution to the War Effort'' by [[Franz Neumann (political scientist)|Franz Neumann]], Herbert Marcuse & [[Otto Kirchheimer]], Edited by Raffaele Laudani, (Princeton University Press, 2013) p. 2</ref> The CIA later built the [[Congress for Cultural Freedom]] which helped to facilitate the growth of the "[[Non-Communist Left|Non-communist left]]"

In the 1960s, [[Michael Harrington]] and other socialists were called to assist the [[Presidency of John F. Kennedy|Kennedy administration]] and then the [[Presidency of Lyndon B. Johnson|Johnson administration]]'s [[War on Poverty]] and [[Great Society]]<ref name="WoPMH">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/21/books/review/Isserman-t.html?_r=1|work=The New York Times|first=Maurice|last=Isserman|author-link=Maurice Isserman|title=Michael Harrington: Warrior on poverty|date=June 19, 2009|access-date=July 19, 2019}}</ref> while socialists also played important roles in the [[civil rights movement]].<ref name="Randolph">Anderson, Jervis (1973) [1986]. ''A. Philip Randolph: A Biographical Portrait''. University of California Press. {{ISBN|978-0-520-05505-6}}.</ref><ref name="Rustin">* Anderson, Jervis (1997). ''Bayard Rustin: Troubles I've Seen''. New York: HarperCollins Publishers.

* Branch, Taylor (1989). ''Parting the Waters: America in the King Years, 1954–63''. New York: Touchstone.

* D'Emilio, John (2003). ''Lost Prophet: Bayard Rustin and the Quest for Peace and Justice in America''. New York: The Free Press.

* D'Emilio, John (2004). ''Lost Prophet: The Life and Times of Bayard Rustin''. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.</ref><ref name="RHKahn">{{harvtxt|Horowitz|2007|pp=220–222}}:

{{cite journal|title=Tom Kahn and the fight for democracy: A political portrait and personal recollection|first=Rachelle|last=Horowitz|author-link=Rachelle Horowitz|url=http://www.dissentmagazine.org/democratiya/article_pdfs/d11Horowitz.pdf<!-- http://www.socialdemocratsusa.org/oldsite/Kahn.html -->|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091012183407/http://dissentmagazine.org/democratiya/article_pdfs/d11Horowitz.pdf|archive-date=October 12, 2009|journal=Democratiya (Merged with Dissent in 2009)|issue=Winter|volume=11|year=2007|pages=204–251}}</ref><ref name="NYTKahn">{{cite news|title=Tom Kahn, leader in labor and rights movements, was 53|newspaper=The New York Times|date=April 1, 1992|first=Wolfgang|last=Saxon|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/04/01/nyregion/tom-kahn-leader-in-labor-and-rights-movements-was-53.html}}</ref> Unlike in Western Europe, Australia, and New Zealand, a major social-democratic party has never materialized in the United States<ref>Foner, Eric (1984). [http://www.nyu.edu/steinhardt/e/pdf/humsocsci/mias/readings07/21.pdf "Why is there no socialism in the United States"]. ''History Workshop'' (17).</ref> and the socialist movement in the United States was relatively weak in comparison.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Oshinsky|first1=David|author-link1=David Oshinsky|title=It Wasn't Easy Being a Leftist|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1988/07/24/books/it-wasn-t-easy-being-a-leftist.html?pagewanted=all|work=The New York Times|date=24 July 1988}}</ref>