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| {{Infobox country|name=Italian Republic|leader_name1=Sergio Mattarella|established_date1=17 March 1861|established_event2=Republic|established_event1=Unification|area_km2=301,340|population_estimate_year=2020|population_estimate=60,317,116|leader_name2=[[Giorgia Meloni]]|leader_title2=Prime Minister|native_name=Repubblica Italiana|leader_title1=President|government_type=Unitary parliamentary republic|image_map=Map_of_Italy.svg|image_map_size=200|official_languages=Italian|largest_city=Rome|image_coat=Emblem_of_Italy.svg|capital=Rome|mode_of_production=Capitalism|image_flag=Flag of Italy.svg|established_date2=2 June 1946}} | | {{Infobox country|name=Italian Republic|leader_name1=Sergio Mattarella|established_date1=17 March 1861|established_event2=Republic|established_event1=Unification|area_km2=301,340|population_estimate_year=2020|population_estimate=60,317,116|leader_name2=Mario Draghi|leader_title2=Prime Minister|native_name=Repubblica Italiana|leader_title1=President|government_type=Unitary parliamentary republic|official_languages=Italian|largest_city=Rome|capital=Rome|mode_of_production=Capitalism|image_flag=Flag of Italy.svg|established_date2=2 June 1946}} |
| '''Italy''', officially the '''Italian Republic''', is a country in [[Southern Europe]]. | | '''Italy''', officially the '''Italian Republic''', is a country in [[Southern Europe]]. |
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| == History == | | == History == |
| | | In 1948, the communist [[Palmiro Togliatti]] ran in the Italian general election. The [[CIA]] rigged the election and spread capitalist propaganda,<ref>{{Citation|author=William Blum|year=2004|title=Killing Hope|chapter=Italy, 1947-1948: Free elections, Hollywood-style|section=|page=|quote=|pdf=|city=|publisher=|isbn=|doi=|lg=|mia=|title-url=|chapter-url=https://williamblum.org/chapters/killing-hope/italy|trans-title=|trans-lang=}}</ref> causing Togliatti to lose to the Christian Democracy Party. |
| === Unification ===
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| {{Main article|Risorgimento}}
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| === Fascism (1922–1943) ===
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| {{Main article|Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)#Fascism}}
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| During most of the Interwar period and the [[Second World War]], a [[Fascism|fascist]] regime under [[Benito Mussolini]] ruled Italy, the economy declined, many ethnic groups, particularly in Italian colonies such as [[Libya]], saw heavy repression, and some of the first mass privatizations occurred.
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| === Cold War ===
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| The USA briefly ended its occupation of Italy in 1947 but returned in 1949 when Italy joined [[North Atlantic Treaty Organization|NATO]].<ref name=":02222">{{Citation|author=David Vine|year=2020|title=The United States of War|chapter=The Spoils of War|page=298|city=Oakland|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=9780520972070|lg=http://library.lol/main/191568BFAC73F009132DB00ECD0F0F05}}</ref> Statesian and Italian leaders worried that [[Italian Communist Party|communist]] and socialist parties would come to power.<ref name=":022222">{{Citation|author=David Vine|year=2020|title=The United States of War|chapter=Normalizing Occupation|page=308–9|city=Oakland|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=9780520972070|lg=http://library.lol/main/191568BFAC73F009132DB00ECD0F0F05}}</ref>
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| In 1948, the communist [[Palmiro Togliatti]] ran in the Italian general election. The [[CIA]] rigged the election and spread capitalist propaganda,<ref>{{Citation|author=William Blum|year=2004|title=Killing Hope|chapter=Italy, 1947-1948: Free elections, Hollywood-style|section=|page=|quote=|pdf=|city=|publisher=|isbn=|doi=|lg=|mia=|title-url=|chapter-url=https://williamblum.org/chapters/killing-hope/italy|trans-title=|trans-lang=}}</ref> causing Togliatti to lose to the [[Christian Democracy (Italy)|Christian Democracy Party]]. The U.S. military stationed warships around Italy before the election.<ref name=":022222" /> | |
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| The CIA interfered in seven more elections in Italy before 2000.<ref name=":0222222">{{Citation|author=David Vine|year=2020|title=The United States of War|chapter=Normalizing Occupation|page=311–2|city=Oakland|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=9780520972070|lg=http://library.lol/main/191568BFAC73F009132DB00ECD0F0F05}}</ref>
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| == Politics ==
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| Since September 2022, a right-wing coalition of the [[Fratelli d'Italia]], [[Lega per Salvini Premier|Lega]], and [[Forza Italia]] parties have governed Italy.<ref>{{Web citation|author=NPA Antifascist Commission|newspaper=International Viewpoint|title=The resistible rise of the far right in Europe|date=2024-05-19|url=https://internationalviewpoint.org/spip.php?article8528|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529031140/https://internationalviewpoint.org/spip.php?article8528|archive-date=2024-05-29}}</ref>
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| == References == | | == References == |
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| [[Category:Countries]] | | [[Category:Countries]] |
| [[Category:Global north]] | | [[Category:Global north]] |
| [[Category:European countries]]
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| [[Category:Formerly fascist countries]]
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