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| {{Infobox country|name=Kingdom of Morocco|native_name=المملكة المغربية<br>ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ|image_flag=Flag of Morocco.svg|image_coat=Coat of arms of Morocco.svg|capital=Rabat|largest_city=Casablanca|mode_of_production=[[Capitalism]]|government_type=Unitary parliamentary monarchy|leader_title1=Monarch|leader_name1=[[Mohammed bin Hassan]]|leader_title2=Prime Minister|leader_name2=[[Aziz Akhannouch]]|image_map=Morocco map.svg|map_width=260|map_caption=Occupied territory of [[SADR]] in light green|official_languages=Arabic<br>Tamazight|area_km2=446,300|population_estimate=37,984,655|population_estimate_year=2022}} | | {{Infobox country|name=Kingdom of Morocco|native_name=المملكة المغربية<br>ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ|image_flag=Flag of Morocco.svg|image_coat=Coat of arms of Morocco.svg|capital=Rabat|largest_city=Casablanca|mode_of_production=[[Capitalism]]|government_type=Unitary parliamentary monarchy|leader_title1=Monarch|leader_name1=[[Mohammed bin Hassan]]|leader_title2=Prime Minister|leader_name2=[[Aziz Akhannouch]]|image_map=Morocco map.svg|map_width=260|map_caption=Occupied territory of [[SADR]] in light green|official_languages=Arabic<br>Tamazight|area_km2=446,300|population_estimate=37,984,655|population_estimate_year=2022}} |
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| '''Morocco''', officially the '''Kingdom of Morocco''', is a country in northwest [[Africa]] bordering [[People's Democratic Republic of Algeria|Algeria]], as well as [[Islamic Republic of Mauritania|Mauritania]] through its occupation of [[Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic|Western Sahara]]. It receives 91% of its weapons from the [[United States of America|United States]] and is a major non-[[North Atlantic Treaty Organization|NATO]] ally of the US.<ref name=":0">{{Web citation|author=Dan Cohen|newspaper=[[MintPress News]]|title=The Empire's Hidden Hand: How the US Established, Sustains, and Benefits from Morocco's Occupation of Western Sahara|date=2021-02-24|url=https://www.mintpressnews.com/how-us-established-benefits-from-morocco-occupation-western-sahara/275608/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220518184632mp_/https://www.mintpressnews.com/how-us-established-benefits-from-morocco-occupation-western-sahara/275608/|archive-date=2022-05-18|retrieved=2023-01-04}}</ref> In 2020, with US backing, it recognized [[State of Israel|Israel]] despite major opposition from the Moroccan population.<ref>{{Web citation|author=Razmy Baroud|newspaper=[[MintPress News]]|title=The Price of Betraying Palestine: Morocco Challenges Normalization with Israel|date=2023-01-02|url=https://www.mintpressnews.com/the-price-of-betraying-palestine-morocco-challenges-normalization-with-israel/283147/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103123739/https://www.mintpressnews.com/the-price-of-betraying-palestine-morocco-challenges-normalization-with-israel/283147/|archive-date=2023-01-03|retrieved=2023-01-04}}</ref> | | '''Morocco''', officially the '''Kingdom of Morocco''', is a country in northwest [[Africa]]. It receives 91% of its weapons from the [[United States of America|United States]] and is a major non-[[North Atlantic Treaty Organization|NATO]] ally of the US.<ref name=":0">{{Web citation|author=Dan Cohen|newspaper=[[MintPress News]]|title=The Empire's Hidden Hand: How the US Established, Sustains, and Benefits from Morocco's Occupation of Western Sahara|date=2021-02-24|url=https://www.mintpressnews.com/how-us-established-benefits-from-morocco-occupation-western-sahara/275608/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220518184632mp_/https://www.mintpressnews.com/how-us-established-benefits-from-morocco-occupation-western-sahara/275608/|archive-date=2022-05-18|retrieved=2023-01-04}}</ref> In 2020, with US backing, it recognized [[State of Israel|Israel]] despite major opposition from the Moroccan population.<ref>{{Web citation|author=Razmy Baroud|newspaper=[[MintPress News]]|title=The Price of Betraying Palestine: Morocco Challenges Normalization with Israel|date=2023-01-02|url=https://www.mintpressnews.com/the-price-of-betraying-palestine-morocco-challenges-normalization-with-israel/283147/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103123739/https://www.mintpressnews.com/the-price-of-betraying-palestine-morocco-challenges-normalization-with-israel/283147/|archive-date=2023-01-03|retrieved=2023-01-04}}</ref> |
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| == History ==
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| === European rule ===
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| Following centuries of [[Europe|European]] penetration and invasion, the [[French Republic|French]] established a protectorate over Morocco on 30 March 1912 with the [[Kingdom of Spain (1874–1931)|Spanish]] establishing their own protectorate over the parts of Morocco they controlled soon after.<ref>{{Citation|author=N. S. Lutskaia, G. N. Utkin|year=1979|title=The Great Soviet Encyclopedia|title-url=https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Morocco%2c+the+Kingdom+of|chapter=Morocco, the Kingdom of|section=The beginning of bourgeois relations and the formation of a national market}}</ref> Morocco was divided into 3 zones: A French zone covering 80% of the land and 90% of the population, a Spanish zone with small sections of territory in north and south, and "an international zone" in [[Tangier]]. The Moroccan Caliph retained only formal authority whilst the Moroccan people reacted with a general uprising beginning in Fes in April 1912 that was forcibly suppressed by the French.<ref name=":1">{{Citation|author=N. S. Lutskaia, G. N. Utkin|year=1979|title=The Great Soviet Encyclopedia|title-url=https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Morocco%2c+the+Kingdom+of|chapter=Morocco, the Kingdom of|section=French and Spanish rule}}</ref>
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| Following the [[Russian revolution of 1917|October Revolution]], the [[national liberation]] movement in Morocco experienced an upsurge. In July 1921 this led to the Rif tribes in the Spanish zone, led by [[Abd al-Karim]], defeating the Spanish, driving them out of the Rif Zone, and establishing the independent [[Republic of the Rif]]. By 1924 the Spanish [[Colonialism|colonialists]] only controlled a few settlements but then France, fearing the movement spreading to its own colony, entered the war and along with the Spanish, crushed the Rif Republic in 1926, with France putting down several other rebellions over the next few years.<ref name=":1" />
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| === Independence ===
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| After years of struggle, on March 2, 1956, France was forced to abolish the protectorate of Morocco and recognise its independence, with Spain doing the same on April 7, 1956. On October 29, 1956, the international status of Tangier was ended with the territory also becoming part of Morocco on January 1, 1957.<ref name=":1" />
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| == Occupation of Western Sahara == | | == Occupation of Western Sahara == |
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| == References == | | == References == |
| | [[Category:African countries]] |
| [[Category:Countries]] | | [[Category:Countries]] |
| [[Category:African countries]]
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| [[Category:Global south]] | | [[Category:Global south]] |
