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After the introduction of [[nuclear weapons]] at the end of the [[Second World War]], many people across the world began to fear the concept of a nuclear war, especially as tensions escalated between the Soviet Union and the [[United States of America]]. In response to these forces, much of the world saw movements for peace and cooperation. | After the introduction of [[nuclear weapons]] at the end of the [[Second World War]], many people across the world began to fear the concept of a nuclear war, especially as tensions escalated between the Soviet Union and the [[United States of America]]. In response to these forces, much of the world saw movements for peace and cooperation. | ||
In the CPSU, this translated into a conciliatory policy of détente with the [[imperialism|imperialist powers]], including suggestions of "peaceful coexistence" with the west, and concretely in Marxism, a "peaceful competition" between [[capitalist]] and [[socialist]] "world systems" which, due to the self-destructive nature of capitalism, would eventually resolve into an inevitable victory for socialism.<ref name=":444"/> | In the CPSU, this translated into a conciliatory policy of détente with the [[imperialism|imperialist powers]], including suggestions of "peaceful coexistence" with the west, and concretely in Marxism, a "peaceful competition" between [[capitalist]] and [[socialist]] "world systems" which, due to the self-destructive nature of capitalism, would eventually resolve into an inevitable victory for socialism.<ref name=":444"/> Under the signboard of "peaceful coexistence", Khrushchov has been colluding with U.S. imperialism, wrecking the socialist camp and the international communist movement, opposing the revolutionary struggles of the oppressed peoples and nations, practising great-power chauvinism and national egoism and betraying proletarian internationalism. All this is being done for the protection of the vested interests of a handful of people, which he places above the fundamental interests of the peoples of the Soviet Union, the socialist camp and the whole world. | ||
The Chinese leadership characterized this as betrayal of Marxism, a capitulation to imperialism, and abandonment of the principles of struggle.<ref name=":4132">{{Citation|author=[[Mao Zedong]]|year=1964|title=Under the signboard of "peaceful coexistence", Khrushchov has been colluding with U.S. imperialism, wrecking the socialist camp and the international communist movement, opposing the revolutionary struggles of the oppressed peoples and nations, practising great-power chauvinism and national egoism and betraying proletarian internationalism. All this is being done for the protection of the vested interests of a handful of people, which he places above the fundamental interests of the peoples of the Soviet Union, the socialist camp and the whole world.|mia=https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/works/1964/phnycom.htm}}</ref> | The Chinese leadership characterized this as betrayal of Marxism, a capitulation to imperialism, and abandonment of the principles of struggle.<ref name=":4132">{{Citation|author=[[Mao Zedong]]|year=1964|title=Under the signboard of "peaceful coexistence", Khrushchov has been colluding with U.S. imperialism, wrecking the socialist camp and the international communist movement, opposing the revolutionary struggles of the oppressed peoples and nations, practising great-power chauvinism and national egoism and betraying proletarian internationalism. All this is being done for the protection of the vested interests of a handful of people, which he places above the fundamental interests of the peoples of the Soviet Union, the socialist camp and the whole world.|mia=https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/works/1964/phnycom.htm}}</ref> | ||