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{{Infobox politician|name=Nikolai Bukharin|native_name=Никола́й Буха́рин|birth_date=9 October 1888|death_date=15 March 1938|birth_place=[[Moscow]], [[Russian Empire]]|death_place=Moscow, [[RSFSR]], [[Soviet Union]]|death_cause=Execution|nationality=Russian|political_orientation=[[ | {{Infobox politician|name=Nikolai Bukharin|native_name=Никола́й Буха́рин|birth_date=9 October 1888|death_date=15 March 1938|birth_place=[[Moscow]], [[Russian Empire]]|death_place=Moscow, [[RSFSR]], [[Soviet Union]]|death_cause=Execution|nationality=Russian|political_orientation=[[Trotskyist]]|image=Bukharin.png}} | ||
'''Nikolai Ivanovich Bukharin''' (9 October 1888 – 15 March 1938) was a [[Russian Federation|Russian]] [[Revolution|revolutionary]] and [[Communism|communist]] politician. After the [[October Revolution]], he initially became a member of a [[Left-communism|left-communist]] opposition group with [[Yevgeni Preobrazhensky|Preobrazhensky]] that supported [[Leon Trotsky|Trotsky]] over [[Vladimir Lenin|Lenin]]. During the [[New Economic Policy]], he became a [[Opportunism#Right opportunism|right-opportunist]] and supported the [[bourgeoisie]]<ref>{{Citation|author=Joseph Stalin|year=1939|title=History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (Bolsheviks)|chapter=The Bolshevik Party in the Period of Transition to the Peaceful Work of Economic Restoration|mia=https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1939/x01/ch03.htm|chapter-url=https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1939/x01/ch09.htm}}</ref> and [[Kulak|kulaks]]. He formed an anti-party bloc with [[Alexei Rykov]] and [[Mikhail Tomsky]].<ref>{{Citation|author=[[Joseph Stalin]]|year=1939|title=History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (Bolsheviks)|chapter=The Bolshevik Party in the Struggle for the Socialist Industrialization of the Country|mia=https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1939/x01/ch03.htm|chapter-url=https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1939/x01/ch10.htm}}</ref> In early 1929, Bukharin confessed to [[Jules Humbert-Droz]], a [[Swiss Confederation|Swiss]] [[Social democracy|Social-Democrat]] and a friend, that the bloc was forced to resort to [[terrorism]] in order to remove [[Joseph Stalin|Stalin]] for the lack of public or Party support.<ref>{{Citation|author=[[Jules Humbert-Droz]]|year=1929|title=Nikolai Bukharin on the Use of Individual Terror Against Stalin|chapter=Courtesy: Jules Humbert-Droz, ‘De Lénin à Staline, Dix Ans Au Service de L’ Internationale Communiste 1921-31’, A la Baconniére, Neuchâtel, 1971, pp. 379-80. Translated from the French by Vijay Singh|chapter-url=https://www.revolutionarydemocracy.org/rdv8n1/bukharin.htm}}</ref> | '''Nikolai Ivanovich Bukharin''' (9 October 1888 – 15 March 1938) was a [[Russian Federation|Russian]] [[Revolution|revolutionary]] and [[Communism|communist]] politician. After the [[October Revolution]], he initially became a member of a [[Left-communism|left-communist]] opposition group with [[Yevgeni Preobrazhensky|Preobrazhensky]] that supported [[Leon Trotsky|Trotsky]] over [[Vladimir Lenin|Lenin]]. During the [[New Economic Policy]], he became a [[Opportunism#Right opportunism|right-opportunist]] and supported the [[bourgeoisie]]<ref>{{Citation|author=Joseph Stalin|year=1939|title=History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (Bolsheviks)|chapter=The Bolshevik Party in the Period of Transition to the Peaceful Work of Economic Restoration|mia=https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1939/x01/ch03.htm|chapter-url=https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1939/x01/ch09.htm}}</ref> and [[Kulak|kulaks]]. He formed an anti-party bloc with [[Alexei Rykov]] and [[Mikhail Tomsky]].<ref>{{Citation|author=[[Joseph Stalin]]|year=1939|title=History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (Bolsheviks)|chapter=The Bolshevik Party in the Struggle for the Socialist Industrialization of the Country|mia=https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1939/x01/ch03.htm|chapter-url=https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1939/x01/ch10.htm}}</ref> In early 1929, Bukharin confessed to [[Jules Humbert-Droz]], a [[Swiss Confederation|Swiss]] [[Social democracy|Social-Democrat]] and a friend, that the bloc was forced to resort to [[terrorism]] in order to remove [[Joseph Stalin|Stalin]] for the lack of public or Party support.<ref>{{Citation|author=[[Jules Humbert-Droz]]|year=1929|title=Nikolai Bukharin on the Use of Individual Terror Against Stalin|chapter=Courtesy: Jules Humbert-Droz, ‘De Lénin à Staline, Dix Ans Au Service de L’ Internationale Communiste 1921-31’, A la Baconniére, Neuchâtel, 1971, pp. 379-80. Translated from the French by Vijay Singh|chapter-url=https://www.revolutionarydemocracy.org/rdv8n1/bukharin.htm}}</ref> | ||
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=== 1930s === | === 1930s === | ||
Bukharin was the chief editor of the government newspaper ''[[Izvestiya]]'' during the early 1930s. He met with the [[Mensheviks|Menshevik]] [[Nikolayevsky]] in [[Paris]] to buy some manuscripts of [[Karl Marx|Marx]] and [[Friedrich Engels|Engels]] and admitted that he saw Stalin as "not a man, a devil."<ref name=":0223">{{Citation|author=Ludo Martens|year=1996|title=Another View of Stalin|chapter=The Great Purge|https://en.prolewiki.org/wiki/Library:Another_view_of_Stalin#The_Great_Purge | Bukharin was the chief editor of the government newspaper ''[[Izvestiya]]'' during the early 1930s. He met with the [[Mensheviks|Menshevik]] [[Nikolayevsky]] in [[Paris]] to buy some manuscripts of [[Karl Marx|Marx]] and [[Friedrich Engels|Engels]] and admitted that he saw Stalin as "not a man, a devil."<ref name=":0223">{{Citation|author=Ludo Martens|year=1996|title=Another View of Stalin|chapter=The Great Purge|<ref>https://en.prolewiki.org/wiki/Library:Another_view_of_Stalin#The_Great_Purge</ref>| | ||
== Political positions == | == Political positions == | ||
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=== Elections === | === Elections === | ||
Bukharin wanted to create another political party composed of [[Intellectual|intellectuals]] to run against the [[Communist Party of the Soviet Union|CPSU]] in elections. He also advocated for other opposition parties including [[Nationalism|nationalist]] parties.<ref name=":0223" /> | Bukharin wanted to create another political party composed of [[Intellectual|intellectuals]] to run against the [[Communist Party of the Soviet Union|CPSU]] in elections. He also advocated for other opposition parties including [[Nationalism|nationalist]] parties.<ref name=":0223" /> | ||
== Execution == | == Execution == | ||
Bukharin was executed in 1937 after the [[Moscow trials|Moscow Trials]] revealed that he had joined an anti-Soviet bloc with Leon Trotsky and [[Grigory Zinoviev]].<ref>{{Citation|author=Joseph Stalin|year=1939|title=History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (Bolsheviks)|chapter=The Bolshevik Party in the Struggle to Complete the Building of the Socialist Society. Introduction of the New Constitution|mia=https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1939/x01/ch03.htm|chapter-url=https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1939/x01/ch12.htm | Bukharin was executed in 1937 after the [[Moscow trials|Moscow Trials]] revealed that he had joined an anti-Soviet bloc with Leon Trotsky and [[Grigory Zinoviev]].<ref>{{Citation|author=Joseph Stalin|year=1939|title=History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (Bolsheviks)|chapter=The Bolshevik Party in the Struggle to Complete the Building of the Socialist Society. Introduction of the New Constitution|mia=https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1939/x01/ch03.htm|chapter-url=https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1939/x01/ch12.htm}}</ref> | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
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[[Category:Russians by descent]] | [[Category:Russians by descent]] | ||
[[Category:Russians]] | [[Category:Russians]] | ||