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=== Early history === | === Early history === | ||
A Turkish warlord founded the Ottoman Empire in Anatolia the 14th century. It captured the [[Byzantium|Byzantine]] capital of Constantinople in 1453 and then expanded into the Balkans, North Africa, and the coasts of the Red Sea and Persian Gulf.<ref name=":02222" /> | A Turkish warlord founded the Ottoman Empire in Anatolia the 14th century. It captured the [[Byzantium|Byzantine]] capital of Constantinople in 1453 and then expanded into the Balkans, North Africa, and the coasts of the Red Sea and Persian Gulf.<ref name=":02222" /> | ||
=== Crimean War === | === Crimean War === | ||
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From 1911 until its collapse, the Ottoman Empire broke apart in a series of wars, losing [[State of Libya|Libya]] in 1912 and [[Republic of North Macedonia|Macedonia]]. In 1913, three CUP leaders overthrew the constitutional government to create a three-man dictatorship and formed a secret military alliance with [[German Empire (1871–1918)|Germany]]. The CUP began to support pan-Turkic nationalism and increased oppression of non-Turkic peoples in the empire while also repressing the [[proletariat]] and [[peasantry]].<ref name=":02222" /> | From 1911 until its collapse, the Ottoman Empire broke apart in a series of wars, losing [[State of Libya|Libya]] in 1912 and [[Republic of North Macedonia|Macedonia]]. In 1913, three CUP leaders overthrew the constitutional government to create a three-man dictatorship and formed a secret military alliance with [[German Empire (1871–1918)|Germany]]. The CUP began to support pan-Turkic nationalism and increased oppression of non-Turkic peoples in the empire while also repressing the [[proletariat]] and [[peasantry]].<ref name=":02222" /> | ||
== Government == | == Government == |