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{{Infobox guerilla organization|name=Red Army Faction|native_name=Rote Armee Fraktion|logo=Red Army Faction.png|founders=[[Andreas Baader]]<br>[[ | {{Infobox guerilla organization|name=Red Army Faction|native_name=Rote Armee Fraktion|logo=Red Army Faction.png|founders=[[Andreas Baader]]<br>[[Ulrike Meinhof]]<br>[[Gudrun Ensslin]]<br>[[Horst Mahler]]<br>[[Ingrid Schubert]]<br>[[Astrid Proll]]<br> [[Irene Goergens]]<br>[[Monika Berberich]]<br>[[Hans-Jürgen Bäcker]]<br>[[Ingeborg Barz]]<br>[[Wolfgang Grundmann]]<br>[[Peter Homann]]|dates=14 May 1970 –<br> 20 April 1998|opponents=[[File:Flag of Germany.svg|20px]][[Federal Republic of Germany|FRG]]<br>[[File:Flag of NATO.png|20px]][[NATO]]|ideology=[[Communism|Revolutionary Socialism]]<br>[[Anti-fascism|Anti-Fascism]]<br>[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Mao Zedong Thought]]|allies=[[File:GDR flag.png|20px]][[GDR]]<br>[[2 June Movement]]<br>[[Revolutionary Cells]]<br>[[Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine]]<br>[[Black September Organization]]|leaders=Horizontally organized - prominent members at different points included:<br>'''First Generation'''<br>Ulrike Meinhof<br>Andreas Baader<br>Gudrun Ensslin<br>Horst Mahler<br>[[Holger Meins]]<br>[[Jan-Carl Raspe]]<br>'''Second Generation'''<br>[[Brigitte Mohnhaupt]]<br>'''Third Generation'''<br>[[Wolfgang Grams]]<br>[[Birgit Hogefeld]]}} | ||
The '''Red Army Faction''' ([[German language|German]]: ''Rote Armee Fraktion''; '''RAF'''), alternatively translated as Red Army Fraction, was a [[Communism|communist]] [[Urban guerrilla warfare|urban guerrilla]] organization in [[West Germany]]. | The '''Red Army Faction''' ([[German language|German]]: ''Rote Armee Fraktion''; '''RAF'''), alternatively translated as Red Army Fraction, was a [[Communism|communist]] [[Urban guerrilla warfare|urban guerrilla]] organization in [[West Germany]]. | ||
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''See main article: [[West German Student Movement]]'' | ''See main article: [[West German Student Movement]]'' | ||
The [[Socialist German Students | The [[Socialist German Students Federation|Sozialistischer Deutscher Studentenbund]] (Socialist German Students Federation, SDS) was founded in 1946 as the youth wing of the [[Social Democratic Party (Germany)|Social Democratic Party]] (SDP). It moved towards the left, away from the mainstream SDP, beginning in the late 1950s, with the group adopting stances against nuclear weapons, calling for the withdrawal of France from Algeria, and opposing militarism at its 1958 conference. This move to the left was countered in May of 1960 by the forming of the [[Sozialdemokratischer Hochschulbund]] (Social Democratic Student Federation, SHB) by supporters of the SPD party line. In response to this move the left of the SPD formed another organization, [[Society for the Promotion of Socialism]] (SF), in October 1961. In order to stop the leftward and anti-party-establishment drift of the student groups, the SPD expelled SF and the SDS from the party in late 1961. The SDS continued to be a powerful force in student politics in the years to come, while continuing to pull the SHB and other pro SPD groups left.<ref name=":0">{{Citation|author=Red Army Faction - compiled and translated by J. Smith and Andre Moncourt|year=2009|title=The Red Army Faction: A Documentary History - Volume 1: Projectiles for the People|title-url=https://en.prolewiki.org/wiki/Library:The_Red_Army_Faction:_A_Documentary_History_-_Volume_1:_Projectiles_for_the_People|chapter=The Re-Emergence of Revolutionary Politics in West Germany|chapter-url=https://en.prolewiki.org/wiki/Library:The_Red_Army_Faction:_A_Documentary_History_-_Volume_1:_Projectiles_for_the_People#2_-_The_Re-Emergence_of_Revolutionary_Politics_in_West_Germany}}</ref> | ||
Young people in West Germany were drawn to the growing radical left movement for several reasons. Repressive and socially conservative laws and still ever present antisemitism and pro-Fascist sentiments in the older generations, as well as the growing worldwide resistance to United States imperialism and imperialist wars.<ref name=":0" /> | Young people in West Germany were drawn to the growing radical left movement for several reasons. Repressive and socially conservative laws and still ever present antisemitism and pro-Fascist sentiments in the older generations, as well as the growing worldwide resistance to United States imperialism and imperialist wars.<ref name=":0" /> |