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{{Infobox country|name=Republic of Costa Rica|native_name=República de Costa Rica|image_flag=Flag of Costa Rica.svg|image_coat=Coat of arms of Costa Rica.svg|capital=San José|largest_city=San José|mode_of_production=[[Capitalism]]|government_type=Unitary presidential republic under a [[dictatorship of the bourgeoisie]]|leader_title1=President|leader_name1=[[Rodrigo Chaves]]|image_map=Costa Rica map.png|map_width=290|official_languages=Spanish|recognized_regional_languages=Bribri<br>Jamaican Patois|area_km2=51,100|population_estimate=5,204,411|population_estimate_year=2022}}
{{Infobox country|name=Republic of Costa Rica|native_name=República de Costa Rica|image_flag=Flag of Costa Rica.svg|image_coat=Coat of arms of Costa Rica.svg|capital=San José|largest_city=San José|mode_of_production=[[Capitalism]]|government_type=Unitary presidential bourgeois republic|leader_title1=President|leader_name1=[[Rodrigo Chaves]]|image_map=Costa Rica map.png|map_width=290|official_languages=Spanish|recognized_regional_languages=Bribri<br>Jamaican Patois|area_km2=51,100|population_estimate=5,204,411|population_estimate_year=2022}}


'''Costa Rica''', officially the '''Republic of Costa Rica''', is a country in [[Central America]] bordered by [[Republic of Panama|Panama]] to the south and [[Republic of Nicaragua|Nicaragua]] to the north, as well as the [[Pacific Ocean]] to the west and the [[Caribbean Sea]] to the east.
'''Costa Rica''', officially the '''Republic of Costa Rica''', is a country in Central America.


== History ==
== History ==
The [[United States of America|USA]] invaded Costa Rica in 1921.<ref name=":0222">{{Citation|author=David Vine|year=2020|title=The United States of War|chapter=The Military Opens Doors|page=210|city=Oakland|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=9780520972070|lg=http://library.lol/main/191568BFAC73F009132DB00ECD0F0F05}}</ref>


=== Spanish colonization ===
[[José Figueres]] headed a [[Liberalism|liberal]] military junta in the 1940s before serving as an elected president from 1953 to 1958. He gave political asylum to [[Communism|communists]] and other political dissidents fleeing from right-wing dictatorships. Figueres supported an assassination attempt against [[Republic of Nicaragua|Nicaraguan]] dictator [[Anastasio Somoza García]], which led Nicaragua to invade Costa Rica.<ref>{{Citation|author=William Blum|year=2003|title=Killing Hope|chapter=Costa Rica mid-1950s: Trying to topple an ally, part I|page=82–84|pdf=https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/bafykbzacecum47co46ksjhrvn6dudrupaqatwgoyssxymbhbjajxujv36pnhe?filename=William%20Blum%20-%20Killing%20Hope_%20US%20Military%20and%20CIA%20Interventions%20Since%20World%20War%20II.%20Part%201-Zed%20Books%20Ltd%20%282003%29.pdf|city=London|publisher=Zed Books|isbn=1842773682}}</ref>
Costa Rica was first discovered by [[Europe|Europeans]] in a voyage by [[Christopher Columbus]] in 1502. [[Monarchy of Spain (1516–1700)|Spanish]] [[Colonialism|colonization]] began in 1513 but it took until the 1560s for the Spanish to fully take possession of the territory due to fierce resistance from the [[Native American|native]] population but in 1560 it became part of the Spanish [[Captaincy General of Guatemala]]. During Spanish rule, lasting from the 16th century to the early 19th century, indigenous culture was destroyed and their land expropriated to be used as plantations.<ref name=":0">{{Citation|author=A. D. Dridzo, A. I. Mosolov|year=1979|title=The Great Soviet Encyclopedia|title-url=https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/costa+rica|chapter=Costa Rica|section=Historical survey}}</ref>
 
=== Central American ===
Along with the rest of [[Kingdom of Spain (1700–1808)|Spanish]] occupied America, Costa Rica rose up against Spain in the [[Spanish American wars of independence]]. Costa Rican independence was declared on September 15, 1821 which was followed by a struggle over whether to have complete independence or join the [[Mexican Empire]]. Costa Rica joined Mexico in 1922 only for the empire to collapse in 1823 which resulted in Costa Rica instead joining the [[Federal Republic of Central America]], which it would remain in until full independence in 1838.<ref name=":0" />
 
=== Republic ===
When [[United States of America|Statesian]] colonizer [[William Walker]] began invading Nicaragua in 1854, Costa Rican troops joined in forcing him out of Central America as part of the [[Filibuster War]]. The Costa Ricans defeated Walker at Santa Rosa on March 20, 1856, and again at Rivas on April 11, eventually leading to the Walker's defeat.<ref name=":0" />
 
The Costa Rican economy experienced an upswing in the 1850's and coffee and banana's began to be produced for export, however in the 1870s, Statesian [[capital]] began to infiltrate Costa Rica. Foreign companies began winning contracts to build plantations and railways whilst the [[United Fruit Company]] began seizing huge plantations and imposing exploitive treaties, eventually taking control over roughly 10% of Costa Rican territory and achieving a [[monopoly]] over bananas as well as influencing politics.<ref name=":0" />
 
In 1921 Statesian [[Imperialism|imperialists]] provoked the [[Coto War]] between Costa Rica and Panama over the disputed Coto region resulting in a US enforced peace in which Costa Rica gained the disputed territory in order to expand Statesian influence in Costa Rica.<ref name=":0" />
 
[[José Figueres]] headed a [[Liberalism|liberal]] military junta in the 1940s before serving as an elected president from 1953 to 1958. He gave political asylum to [[Communism|communists]] and other political dissidents fleeing from right-wing dictatorships. Figueres supported an assassination attempt against Nicaraguan dictator [[Anastasio Somoza García]], which led Nicaragua to invade Costa Rica.<ref>{{Citation|author=William Blum|year=2003|title=Killing Hope|chapter=Costa Rica mid-1950s: Trying to topple an ally, part I|page=82–84|pdf=https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/bafykbzacecum47co46ksjhrvn6dudrupaqatwgoyssxymbhbjajxujv36pnhe?filename=William%20Blum%20-%20Killing%20Hope_%20US%20Military%20and%20CIA%20Interventions%20Since%20World%20War%20II.%20Part%201-Zed%20Books%20Ltd%20%282003%29.pdf|city=London|publisher=Zed Books|isbn=1842773682}}</ref>


Figueres became president again in May 1970. Costa Rica became the first country in Central America to establish diplomatic relations with the [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (1922–1991)|Soviet Union]] and [[Eastern Bloc]].<ref>{{Citation|author=William Blum|year=2003|title=Killing Hope|chapter=Costa Rica 1970-1971: Trying to topple an ally, part II|page=240|pdf=https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/bafykbzacedfo2kzml5sodng4rtlybjdvertim3nybowazzlo6rztq6khixbv4?filename=William%20Blum%20-%20Killing%20Hope_%20US%20Military%20and%20CIA%20Interventions%20Since%20World%20War%20II-Zed%20Books%20Ltd%20%282003%29.pdf|city=London|publisher=Zed Books|isbn=1842773682}}</ref>
Figueres became president again in May 1970. Costa Rica became the first country in Central America to establish diplomatic relations with the [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (1922–1991)|Soviet Union]] and [[Eastern Bloc]].<ref>{{Citation|author=William Blum|year=2003|title=Killing Hope|chapter=Costa Rica 1970-1971: Trying to topple an ally, part II|page=240|pdf=https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/bafykbzacedfo2kzml5sodng4rtlybjdvertim3nybowazzlo6rztq6khixbv4?filename=William%20Blum%20-%20Killing%20Hope_%20US%20Military%20and%20CIA%20Interventions%20Since%20World%20War%20II-Zed%20Books%20Ltd%20%282003%29.pdf|city=London|publisher=Zed Books|isbn=1842773682}}</ref>
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