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| {{Infobox country|name=Republic of Kenya|native_name=Jamhuri ya Kenya|image_flag=Flag of Kenya.svg|image_coat=Coat of arms of Kenya.svg|capital=Nairobi|largest_city=Nairobi|mode_of_production=[[Capitalism]]|government_type=Unitary presidential bourgeois republic|leader_title1=President|leader_name1=[[William Ruto]]|image_map=Kenya map.png|map_width=260|official_languages=English<br>Swahili|area_km2=580,367|population_estimate=54,985,698|population_estimate_year=2021}} | | {{Infobox country|name=Republic of Kenya|native_name=Jamhuri ya Kenya|capital=Nairobi|largest_city=Nairobi|image_map=Kenya map.png|map_width=290|official_languages=English<br>Swahili|area_km2=580,367|population_estimate=54,985,698|population_estimate_year=2021}} |
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| '''Kenya''', officially the '''Republic of Kenya''', is a country in Eastern Africa bordered by [[United Republic of Tanzania|Tanzania]], [[Republic of Uganda|Uganda]], [[Republic of South Sudan|South Sudan]], [[Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia|Ethiopia]], and [[Federal Republic of Somalia|Somalia]]. | | '''Kenya''', officially the '''Republic of Kenya''', is a country in Eastern Africa. |
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| == History == | | == History == |
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| === Independence === | | === Independence === |
| Kenya became independent from the United Kingdom in 1963. Less than a month after independence, [[Neocolonialism|neocolonial]] leader [[Jomo Kenyatta]] requested support from British troops to put down the Shifta rebellion.<ref>{{Web citation|author=Horace G. Campbell|newspaper=[[Black Agenda Report]]|title=Can Kenya lead the African Union?|date=2016-11-23|url=https://blackagendareport.com/kenya_unfit_to_lead_au|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106053707/https://blackagendareport.com/kenya_unfit_to_lead_au|archive-date=2022-01-06|retrieved=2022-08-20}}</ref> [[Daniel arap Moi]] ruled Kenya as a one-party state from 1978 to 1992 and in a one-party system from 1992 to 2002.<ref>{{Web citation|author=Henry Makori|newspaper=[[Black Agenda Report]]|title=Kenya Needs a People’s Revolution|date=2016-06-01|url=https://blackagendareport.com/kenya_needs_people%27s_revolution|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220107135821/https://blackagendareport.com/kenya_needs_people's_revolution|archive-date=2022-01-07|retrieved=2022-08-20}}</ref> | | Kenya became independent from the United Kingdom in 1963. Less than a month after independence, [[Neocolonialism|neocolonial]] leader [[Jomo Kenyatta]] requested support from British troops to put down the Shifta rebellion.<ref>{{Web citation|author=Horace G. Campbell|newspaper=[[Black Agenda Report]]|title=Can Kenya lead the African Union?|date=2016-11-23|url=https://blackagendareport.com/kenya_unfit_to_lead_au|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106053707/https://blackagendareport.com/kenya_unfit_to_lead_au|archive-date=2022-01-06|retrieved=2022-08-20}}</ref> [[Daniel arap Moi]] ruled Kenya from 1978 to 2002 and it was a one-party state until 1992.<ref>{{Web citation|author=Henry Makori|newspaper=[[Black Agenda Report]]|title=Kenya Needs a People’s Revolution|date=2016-06-01|url=https://blackagendareport.com/kenya_needs_people%27s_revolution|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220107135821/https://blackagendareport.com/kenya_needs_people's_revolution|archive-date=2022-01-07|retrieved=2022-08-20}}</ref> |
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| === 21st Century ===
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| In 2010 Kenya sent troops into Somalia with [[United States of America|US]] backing under the pretext of fighting [[Al-Shabaab]], and committed numerous war crimes against the Somalian people. Between 2015 and 2021, Kenya carried out 71 airstrikes in the province of [[Gedo]], and 38 other locations in the region of [[Jubbaland]]. Not a single Al-Shabaab member was killed in the attacks on Gedo but the attacks instead caused civilian deaths, displacement, and destruction of infrastructure. In return for taking part in their proxy war, the US sold Kenya $139 million worth of military equipment over three years.<ref>{{Web citation|author=Jamal Abdulahi|newspaper=Black Agenda Report|title=Kenya Committing Atrocities in Somalia with US Backing|date=2023-07-12|url=https://blackagendareport.com/kenya-committing-atrocities-somalia-us-backing|retrieved=2024-01-02}}</ref>
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| == Politics ==
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| William Ruto is the current president of Kenya and leads the [[Kenya First]] coalition, which opposes [[nepotism]] and [[Bourgeoisie|capitalists]] who inherited their wealth but has no problem with "self-made" capitalists. [[Social democracy|Social democrat]] [[Raila Odinga]] leads the [[Resolution for Unity]] coalition.<ref>{{Web citation|author=Omwami Otieno|newspaper=Socialist Revolution|title=Ruto and Odinga Rotten to the Core: Revolutionary Alternative Needed in Kenya!|date=2022-09-20|url=https://socialistrevolution.org/revolutionary-alternative-needed-in-kenya/|retrieved=2022-10-02}}</ref>
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| == Economy ==
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| [[Peasantry|Peasants]] and the rural [[petty bourgeoisie]] make up 39% of the Kenyan population, the [[proletariat]] makes up 34%, urban petty bourgeoisie makes up 23%, and the bourgeoisie makes up 4%. Most of the bourgeoisie (3.44% of the total population) works for the government.<ref name=":0">{{Web citation|newspaper=[[Itikadi]]|title=The Basic National Conditions of Kenya|date=2023-02|url=https://communistpartyofkenya.org/ITIKADI/Itikadi-Magazine-Final-2.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230331082143/https://communistpartyofkenya.org/ITIKADI/Itikadi-Magazine-Final-2.pdf|archive-date=2023-03-31}}</ref>
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| == Demographics ==
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| === Ethnicity ===
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| Kenya has 42 tribes, and the largest three make up 44.7% of its population. 20 tribes have more than 200,000 members, but there are also small tribes with only 10,000 people. 92% of the population is from Bantu and Nilotic ethnolinguistic groups, 7% are Cushitic (mainly Somali), and 1% are foreigners.<ref name=":0" />
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| {| class="wikitable"
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| |+Ethnic groups<ref name=":0" />
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| !Ethnicity
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| !Linguistic group
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| !Population (2022)
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| !Location
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| |-
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| |Kikuyu
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| |Bantu
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| |8,140,000
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| |Central Highlands and Mount Kenya
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| |-
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| |Luhya
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| |Bantu
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| |6,820,000
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| |Western Kenya
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| |-
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| |Kalenjin
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| |Nilotic
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| |6,430,000
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| |Western Highlands and Rift Valley
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| |-
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| |Luo
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| |Nilotic
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| |5,000,000
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| |Around Lake Victoria
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| |-
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| |Kamba
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| |Bantu
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| |4,600,000
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| |Eastern and southeastern Kenya
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| |-
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| |Somali
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| |Cushitic
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| |2,700,000
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| |Northern and northeastern Kenya
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| |-
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| |Kisii
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| |Bantu
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| |2,700,000
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| |Western Kenya
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| |-
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| |Mijikenda
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| |Bantu
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| |2,400,000
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| |Coastal area
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| |-
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| |Meru
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| |Bantu
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| |1,900,000
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| |Northeastern Kenya
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| |-
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| |Maasai
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| |Nilotic
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| |1,100,000
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| |South Rift Valley
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| |-
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| |Turkana
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| |Nilotic
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| |1,100,000
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| |Northwestern Kenya
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| |-
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| |Other (indigenous)
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| |Bantu, Cushitic, Nilotic
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| |3,900,000
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| |-
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| |Other (non-indigenous)
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| |Indo-European, Semitic
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| |200,000
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| |}
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| == References == | | == References == |