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| <blockquote>''"Yugoslavia" redirects here. For the kingdom, see [[Kingdom of Yugoslavia (1918–1941)]]. For its successor rump state, see [[Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (1992–2003)]].''</blockquote>{{Infobox country|name=Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia|official_languages=None (''de jure'')<br>Serbo-Croatian (''de facto'')|recognised_national_languages=Macedonian<br>Serbo-Croatian<br>Slovene|capital=[[Belgrade]]|population_estimate_year=2021|p1=[[Democratic Federal Yugoslavia]]|s1=[[Federal Republic of Yugoslavia]]|p2=[[Free City of Trieste]]|flag_s1=FR_Yugoslavia_flag.svg|flag_s2=Flag_of_Croatia.svg|s2=[[Republic of Croatia]]|flag_s3=Flag_of_Slovenia.svg|s3=[[Republic of Slovenia]]|flag_s4=Flag of North Macedonia.svg|s4=[[Republic of North Macedonia]]|flag_s5=Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg|s5=[[Bosnia and Herzegovina]]|population_estimate=23,229,846|established_event1=[[Democratic Federal Yugoslavia]] formed|established_date1=29 November 1942|established_event2=SFRY proclaimed|established_date2=29 November 1945|established_event3=[[Library:1946 Constitution of Yugoslavia|First Constitution]]|established_date3=31 January 1946|established_event4=[[Library:1963 Constitution of Yugoslavia|Second Constitution]]|established_date4=7 April 1963|established_event5=[[Library:1974 Constitution of Yugoslavia|Third Constitution]]|established_date5=21 February 1974|established_event6=Death of [[Josip Broz Tito]]|established_date6=4 May 1980|established_event7=14th Congress of the [[League of Communists of Yugoslavia]]|established_date7=20-22 January 1990|established_event8=[[Croatia]] and [[Slovenia]] secede|established_date8=26 June 1991|established_event9=[[Bosnia and Herzegovina]] secedes|established_date9=1 March 1992|established_event10=[[Federal Republic of Yugoslavia]] proclaimed|established_date10=27 April 1992|area_km2=255,804|government_type=Federal parliamentary [[Socialist state|socialist republic]]|mode_of_production=[[Socialism]]|image_map_size=200|native_name=Социјалистичка Федеративна Република Југославија<br><small>Socialistična Federativna Republika Jugoslavija|life_span=1945–1992|image_map=Yugoslavia map.png|image_symbol=Yugoslav COA.png|symbol_type=Emblem|national_anthem=Hej, Slaveni<br>("Hey, Slavs")|image_flag=Yugoslav flag.png|largest_city=[[Belgrade]]}} | | <blockquote>''"Yugoslavia" redirects here. For the kingdom, see [[Kingdom of Yugoslavia (1918–1941)]]. For its successor rump state, see [[Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (1992–2006)]].''</blockquote>{{Infobox country|name=Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia|national_languages=Macedonian<br>Serbo-Croatian<br>Slovene|capital=[[Belgrade]]|population_estimate_year=2021|population_estimate=23,229,846|area_km2=255,804|government_type=One-party parliamentary republic|mode_of_production=[[Socialism]]|image_map_size=200|native_name=Социјалистичка Федеративна Република Југославија<br>Socialistična Federativna Republika Jugoslavija|year_end=1992|year_start=1945|image_map=Yugoslavia map.png|image_symbol=Yugoslav COA.png|symbol_type=Emblem|image_flag=Yugoslav flag.png|largest_city=[[Belgrade]]}} |
| '''Yugoslavia''', officially the '''Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia''' ('''SFRY'''; also '''SFR Yugoslavia''' or '''United Yugoslavia'''), was a [[Non-Aligned Movement|non-aligned]] [[socialist state]] in the [[Balkans]]. It was a multi-ethnic federation that consisted of 28 [[Nation|nationalities]].<ref name=":03">{{Citation|author=[[Michael Parenti]]|year=2000|title=To Kill a Nation|chapter=Hypocritical Humanitarianism|page=13|pdf=https://leftychan.net/edu/src/1614706295182-3.pdf|publisher=Verso}}</ref> The [[United States of America|USA]] tolerated Yugoslavia's existence during the [[Cold War]] because it served as a buffer against the [[Warsaw Pact]], but the United States turned against it soon after.<ref name=":2">{{Citation|author=[[Michael Parenti]]|year=2000|title=To Kill a Nation|page=17–18|chapter=Third Worldization|publisher=Verso|pdf=https://leftychan.net/edu/src/1614706295182-3.pdf}}</ref> | | '''Yugoslavia''', officially the '''Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia''', was a [[Non-Aligned Movement|non-aligned]] [[socialist state]] in the [[Balkans]]. It was a multiethnic federation that consisted of 28 [[Nation|nationalities]].<ref name=":03">{{Citation|author=[[Michael Parenti]]|year=2000|title=To Kill a Nation|chapter=Hypocritical Humanitarianism|page=13|pdf=https://leftychan.net/edu/src/1614706295182-3.pdf|publisher=Verso}}</ref> The [[United States of America|USA]] tolerated Yugoslavia's existence during the [[Cold War]] because it served as a buffer against the [[Warsaw Pact]], but the United States turned against it soon after.<ref name=":2">{{Citation|author=[[Michael Parenti]]|year=2000|title=To Kill a Nation|page=17–18|chapter=Third Worldization|publisher=Verso|pdf=https://leftychan.net/edu/src/1614706295182-3.pdf}}</ref> |
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| ==History== | | ==History== |
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| In 1950, Yugoslavia began a policy of [[workers' self-management]] and passed a law stating that the [[means of production]] should be controlled by workers' councils.<ref name=":1" /> Tito legalized buying and selling land in 1953.<ref name=":02233232" /> | | In 1950, Yugoslavia began a policy of [[workers' self-management]] and passed a law stating that the [[means of production]] should be controlled by workers' councils.<ref name=":1" /> Tito legalized buying and selling land in 1953.<ref name=":02233232" /> |
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| Yugoslavia hosted a meeting with [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] of [[Republic of India|India]] and [[Gamal Abdel Nasser]] of [[Arab Republic of Egypt|Egypt]] in 1956. They agreed to hold the founding meeting of the Non-Aligned Movement in Belgrade in 1961.<ref name=":12">{{Citation|author=[[Vijay Prashad]]|year=2008|title=The Darker Nations: A People's History of the Third World|chapter=Belgrade|page=95|pdf=https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/bafykbzaceascnzh26r5d6uitjjs2z7rflhaxlt7rboz5whzdf76qg6xxvecqq?filename=%28A%20New%20Press%20People%27s%20history%29%20Vijay%20Prashad%20-%20The%20darker%20nations_%20a%20people%27s%20history%20of%20the%20third%20world-The%20New%20Press%20%282008%29.pdf|publisher=The New Press|isbn=9781595583420|lg=https://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=9B40B96E830128A7FE0E0E887C06829F}}</ref>
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| ===Market socialism=== | | ===Market socialism=== |
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| === Yugoslav Wars === | | === Yugoslav Wars === |
| {{Main article|Yugoslav Wars}} | | {{Main article|Yugoslav Wars}} |
| Croatia and Slovenia broke away from Yugoslavia in 1991 with support from the United States and [[Federal Republic of Germany|Germany]].<ref name=":4" /> They were the most developed parts of Yugoslavia and had refused to subsidize the other republics.<ref name=":04">{{Citation|author=[[Michael Parenti]]|year=2000|title=To Kill a Nation|chapter=Divide and Conquer|page=28|pdf=https://leftychan.net/edu/src/1614706295182-3.pdf|publisher=Verso}}</ref> [[Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (1943–1992)|Bosnia and Herzegovina]] broke away in April 1992, reducing Yugoslavia to only [[Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (1992–2006)|Serbia and Montenegro]].<ref name=":4">{{Web citation|author=Victor Penn|newspaper=[[Liberation News]]|title=Yugoslavia: Ten years after the NATO massacre|date=2009-03-31|url=https://www.liberationnews.org/09-03-31-yugoslavia-ten-years-after-nato-html/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220506081614/https://www.liberationnews.org/09-03-31-yugoslavia-ten-years-after-nato-html/|archive-date=2022-05-06|retrieved=2022-09-09}}</ref> | | Croatia and Slovenia broke away from Yugoslavia in 1991 with support from the United States and [[Federal Republic of Germany|Germany]]. [[Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (1943–1992)|Bosnia and Herzegovina]] broke away in April 1992, reducing Yugoslavia to only [[Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (1992–2006)|Serbia and Montenegro]].<ref>{{Web citation|author=Victor Penn|newspaper=[[Liberation News]]|title=Yugoslavia: Ten years after the NATO massacre|date=2009-03-31|url=https://www.liberationnews.org/09-03-31-yugoslavia-ten-years-after-nato-html/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220506081614/https://www.liberationnews.org/09-03-31-yugoslavia-ten-years-after-nato-html/|archive-date=2022-05-06|retrieved=2022-09-09}}</ref> |
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| ==Economy== | | ==Economy== |