Applebaum is an Anglicised rendering of the German-Jewish surname Apfelbaum (German: "apple tree"). Notable people with this surname include:
- Anne Applebaum, a Statesian anti-communist journalist and historian
- David Applebaum, a Statesian-born Israeli physician who died in a suicide bombing in 2003
- Michael Applebaum, a Canadian politician who served as Mayor of Montreal from 2012 to 2013