Democratic Republic of Vietnam (1945–1975): Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox country|native_name=Việt Nam Dân chủ Cộng hòa|event_start=August Revolution|date_end=2 July|date_event2=21 July 1954|date_event1=2 September 1945|date_start=16 August|event_end=Reunification|event2=[[Geneva Accords|Division of Vietnam]]|event1=Independence|area_km2=157,880| | {{Infobox country|native_name=Việt Nam Dân chủ Cộng hòa|event_start=August Revolution|date_end=2 July|date_event2=21 July 1954|date_event1=2 September 1945|date_start=16 August|event_end=Reunification|event2=[[Geneva Accords|Division of Vietnam]]|event1=Independence|area_km2=157,880|name=Democratic Republic of Vietnam|population_estimate_year=1974|population_estimate=23,800,000|largest_city=[[Hanoi]]|capital=[[Hanoi]]|image_coat=Emblem of Vietnam.svg|image_flag=Flag of Vietnam.svg|year_end=1976|year_start=1945|mode_of_production=[[Socialism]]|currency=North Vietnamese đồng|national_anthem="Tiến Quân Ca"<br />"Army March"|national_motto="Độc lập – Tự do – Hạnh phúc"<br />"Independence – Liberty – Happiness"}} | ||
The '''Democratic Republic of Vietnam''' (Vietnamese: ''Việt Nam Dân chủ Cộng hòa''), also known as '''North Vietnam''', was a [[socialist state]] in [[Southeast Asia]] that existed from 1945 to 1976. | The '''Democratic Republic of Vietnam''' (Vietnamese: ''Việt Nam Dân chủ Cộng hòa''), also known as '''North Vietnam''', was a [[socialist state]] in [[Southeast Asia]] that existed from 1945 to 1976. | ||
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The independence of the republic was proclaimed on 2 September 1945,<ref>{{News citation|title=National Flag, Emblem, Anthem, Declaration of Independence|url=https://vietnam.gov.vn/national-flag-emblem-anthem-declaration-of-independence-68960|newspaper=Government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220208221738/https://vietnam.gov.vn/national-flag-emblem-anthem-declaration-of-independence-68960|archive-date=2022-02-08|retrieved=2022-03-23|quote=In September 2, 1945, at Ba Đình square, President Hồ Chí Minh sonorously read the Declaration of Independence of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam.}}</ref> a few weeks after the [[August Revolution]], an anti-colonial uprising which freed much of Vietnam from [[French Republic|French]] and [[Japan|Japanese]] colonial rule. By 1946, the [[Việt Minh]] had solidified its control of the northern parts of Vietnam, however, population centres in the south remained occupied by the French. | The independence of the republic was proclaimed on 2 September 1945,<ref>{{News citation|title=National Flag, Emblem, Anthem, Declaration of Independence|url=https://vietnam.gov.vn/national-flag-emblem-anthem-declaration-of-independence-68960|newspaper=Government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220208221738/https://vietnam.gov.vn/national-flag-emblem-anthem-declaration-of-independence-68960|archive-date=2022-02-08|retrieved=2022-03-23|quote=In September 2, 1945, at Ba Đình square, President Hồ Chí Minh sonorously read the Declaration of Independence of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam.}}</ref> a few weeks after the [[August Revolution]], an anti-colonial uprising which freed much of Vietnam from [[French Republic|French]] and [[Japan|Japanese]] colonial rule. By 1946, the [[Việt Minh]] had solidified its control of the northern parts of Vietnam, however, population centres in the south remained occupied by the French. | ||
Following the [[Haiphong Massacre]], an event in which French forces killed 6,000 Vietnamese people and occupied the city of Haiphong, fighting between the Việt Minh and French colonial troops [[Battle of Hanoi|broke out in Hanoi]], the first battle of the [[Anti-French Resistance War | Following the [[Haiphong Massacre]], an event in which French forces killed 6,000 Vietnamese people and occupied the city of Haiphong, fighting between the Việt Minh and French colonial troops [[Battle of Hanoi|broke out in Hanoi]], the first battle of the [[Socialist Republic of Vietnam#Anti-French Resistance War|Anti-French Resistance War]], which lasted until 20 July 1954. | ||
The [[1954 Geneva Conference]] | The [[1954 Geneva Conference]] divided Vietnam along the 17th parallel until 1956, when elections were to be held in all of Vietnam. In July 1955, the [[United States of America|United States]] and the puppet regime in [[South Vietnam]] refused to organize elections, falsely claiming they were not bound by the Geneva Conference.<ref>{{News citation|title=Geneva Agreements 20-21 July 1954|url=https://peacemaker.un.org/sites/peacemaker.un.org/files/KH-LA-VN_540720_GenevaAgreements.pdf|newspaper=United Nations|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181110053124/https://peacemaker.un.org/sites/peacemaker.un.org/files/KH-LA-VN_540720_GenevaAgreements.pdf|archive-date=2018-11-10}}</ref> In 1964, the USA began bombing north Vietnam.<ref name=":122">{{Citation|author=[[Vijay Prashad]]|year=2008|title=The Darker Nations: A People's History of the Third World|chapter=Havana|page=106|pdf=https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/bafykbzaceascnzh26r5d6uitjjs2z7rflhaxlt7rboz5whzdf76qg6xxvecqq?filename=%28A%20New%20Press%20People%27s%20history%29%20Vijay%20Prashad%20-%20The%20darker%20nations_%20a%20people%27s%20history%20of%20the%20third%20world-The%20New%20Press%20%282008%29.pdf|publisher=The New Press|isbn=9781595583420|lg=https://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=9B40B96E830128A7FE0E0E887C06829F}}</ref> | ||
After defeating the United States in the [[Vietnam War]], it united with South Vietnam to form the [[Socialist Republic of Vietnam]].<ref>{{Citation|author=William J. Duiker|year=2021|title=Vietnam|title-url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Vietnam|chapter=The Socialist Republic of Vietnam|section=Reunification and early challenges|publisher=Encyclopedia Britannica|chapter-url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Vietnam/The-two-Vietnams-1954-65#ref260888}}</ref> | After defeating the United States in the [[Vietnam War]], it united with South Vietnam to form the [[Socialist Republic of Vietnam]].<ref>{{Citation|author=William J. Duiker|year=2021|title=Vietnam|title-url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Vietnam|chapter=The Socialist Republic of Vietnam|section=Reunification and early challenges|publisher=Encyclopedia Britannica|chapter-url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Vietnam/The-two-Vietnams-1954-65#ref260888}}</ref> | ||
== Reference == | == Reference == | ||
[[Category:Former socialist republics]] | [[Category:Former socialist republics]] | ||
<references /> | |||
[[Category:Former states]] | |||
Latest revision as of 15:44, 18 September 2024
| Democratic Republic of Vietnam Việt Nam Dân chủ Cộng hòa | |
|---|---|
| 1945–1976 | |
 Flag
 Coat of arms
| |
Motto: "Độc lập – Tự do – Hạnh phúc" "Independence – Liberty – Happiness" | |
Anthem: "Tiến Quân Ca" "Army March" | |
| Capital and largest city | Hanoi |
| Dominant mode of production | Socialism |
| History | |
• August Revolution | 16 August 1945 |
• Independence | 2 September 1945 |
| 21 July 1954 | |
• Reunification | 2 July 1976 |
| Area | |
• Total | 157,880 km² |
| Population | |
• 1974 estimate | 23,800,000 |
| Currency | North Vietnamese đồng |
The Democratic Republic of Vietnam (Vietnamese: Việt Nam Dân chủ Cộng hòa), also known as North Vietnam, was a socialist state in Southeast Asia that existed from 1945 to 1976.
The independence of the republic was proclaimed on 2 September 1945,[1] a few weeks after the August Revolution, an anti-colonial uprising which freed much of Vietnam from French and Japanese colonial rule. By 1946, the Việt Minh had solidified its control of the northern parts of Vietnam, however, population centres in the south remained occupied by the French.
Following the Haiphong Massacre, an event in which French forces killed 6,000 Vietnamese people and occupied the city of Haiphong, fighting between the Việt Minh and French colonial troops broke out in Hanoi, the first battle of the Anti-French Resistance War, which lasted until 20 July 1954.
The 1954 Geneva Conference divided Vietnam along the 17th parallel until 1956, when elections were to be held in all of Vietnam. In July 1955, the United States and the puppet regime in South Vietnam refused to organize elections, falsely claiming they were not bound by the Geneva Conference.[2] In 1964, the USA began bombing north Vietnam.[3]
After defeating the United States in the Vietnam War, it united with South Vietnam to form the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.[4]
Reference[edit | edit source]
- ↑ “In September 2, 1945, at Ba Đình square, President Hồ Chí Minh sonorously read the Declaration of Independence of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam.”
"National Flag, Emblem, Anthem, Declaration of Independence". Government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. Archived from the original on 2022-02-08. Retrieved 2022-03-23. - ↑ "Geneva Agreements 20-21 July 1954". United Nations. Archived from the original on 2018-11-10.
- ↑ Vijay Prashad (2008). The Darker Nations: A People's History of the Third World: 'Havana' (p. 106). [PDF] The New Press. ISBN 9781595583420 [LG]
- ↑ William J. Duiker (2021). Vietnam: 'The Socialist Republic of Vietnam; Reunification and early challenges'. Encyclopedia Britannica.