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{{Infobox organization|native_name=Ministerium für Staatssicherheit|organization_name=|full_name=|name=Ministry for State Security|logo=Emblem of the MfS.svg|logo_size=115|formation=8 February 1950|dissolved=13 January 1990|membership_year=1987|membership=91,105}} | {{Infobox organization|native_name=Ministerium für Staatssicherheit|organization_name=|full_name=|name=Ministry for State Security|logo=Emblem of the MfS.svg|logo_size=115|formation=8 February 1950|dissolved=13 January 1990|membership_year=1987|membership=91,105}} | ||
The '''Ministry for State Security''' ('''MfS'''), also known as the '''Stasi''', was the security service of the [[German Democratic Republic (1949–1990)|German Democratic Republic]]. It had more members than the regular [[police]] but a lower budget than the [[Federal Republic of Germany|West German]] [[Verfassungsschutz|secret police]].<ref name=":05">{{Citation|author=Austin Murphy|year=2000|title=The Triumph of Evil|chapter=A Post-Mortem Comparison of Communist and Capitalist Societies Using the German Case as an Illustration|page= | The '''Ministry for State Security''' ('''MfS'''), also known as the '''Stasi''', was the security service of the [[German Democratic Republic (1949–1990)|German Democratic Republic]]. It had more members than the regular [[police]] in the GDR but a lower budget than the [[Federal Republic of Germany|West German]] [[Verfassungsschutz|secret police]].<ref name=":05">{{Citation|author=Austin Murphy|year=2000|title=The Triumph of Evil|chapter=A Post-Mortem Comparison of Communist and Capitalist Societies Using the German Case as an Illustration|page=|pdf=https://mltheory.files.wordpress.com/2017/06/austin-murphy-the-triumph-of-evil.pdf|city=Fucecchio|publisher=European Press Academic Publishing|isbn=8883980026}}</ref><sup>:98–99</sup> | ||
== Membership == | == Membership == | ||
In 1987, | During the 1950s, the MfS had less than 20,000 members.<ref name=":052" /><sup>:127</sup> In 1987, it had a total of 91,105 members, including 11,000 national guard troops of the Wachregiment, almost 10,000 migration officers,<ref name=":05" /><sup>:99</sup> and 1,418 domestic undercover agents (many of whom observed tourists and foreign diplomats). 2,232 Stasi members held full-time government offices, and 1,380 full-time agents monitored religious, cultural, and political activities.<ref name=":052">{{Citation|author=Austin Murphy|year=2000|title=The Triumph of Evil|chapter=A Detailed Autopsy of the Collapse of the Superior System in the Divided Germany|page=|pdf=https://mltheory.files.wordpress.com/2017/06/austin-murphy-the-triumph-of-evil.pdf|city=Fucecchio|publisher=European Press Academic Publishing|isbn=8883980026}}</ref><sup>:116</sup> | ||
530 agents worked on opening mail. They were only able to intercept 1% of the 30 million packages sent to the GDR every year. 430 agents bugged telephones or rooms, and many of them spied on foreigners.<ref name=":052" /><sup>:118</sup> | |||
=== Informants === | |||
About 600,000 people (4% of the population) knowingly gave information to the MfS. Only 174,000 were officially listed as informants, and many of them were never contacted by the MfS. 80% of informants gathered publicly available information, and less than 4,000 actually spied on people suspected of being involved in illegal activities. Most informants did not get any rewards, although some received small amounts of money or reduced jail sentences for minor crimes.<ref name=":052" /><sup>:116–8</sup> | |||
== Arrests == | |||
The MfS usually tried to persuade people not to commit crimes instead of allowing them to do so and then arresting them.<ref name=":05" /><sup>:100</sup> However, it did arrest about 2,500 people every year, 95% of which were found guilty.<ref name=":052" /><sup>:118</sup> | |||
Of the arrests made by the MfS between 1985 and 1988, 50% were for trying to illegally emigrate to the west, 20% were for threatening government employees, 20% were for working for West German organizations, 5% were for treason (spying, sabotage, etc.), and only about 0.1% were for insulting the state or its leaders.<ref name=":05" /><sup>:109–10</sup> People arrested for slandering the government were usually released with a warning for first offenses. They could only face serious prison sentences if they threatened to [[Counterrevolution|overthrow the government]] or were acting on behalf of [[North Atlantic Treaty Organization|foreign agents]].<ref name=":052" /><sup>:140</sup> | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
[[Category:Socialist intelligence agencies]] | [[Category:Socialist intelligence agencies]] | ||
Latest revision as of 15:32, 7 August 2023
Ministry for State Security | |
|---|---|
| Ministerium für Staatssicherheit | |
 | |
| Formation | 8 February 1950 |
| Dissolved | 13 January 1990 |
| Template:Longitem | 91,105 |
The Ministry for State Security (MfS), also known as the Stasi, was the security service of the German Democratic Republic. It had more members than the regular police in the GDR but a lower budget than the West German secret police.[1]:98–99
Membership[edit | edit source]
During the 1950s, the MfS had less than 20,000 members.[2]:127 In 1987, it had a total of 91,105 members, including 11,000 national guard troops of the Wachregiment, almost 10,000 migration officers,[1]:99 and 1,418 domestic undercover agents (many of whom observed tourists and foreign diplomats). 2,232 Stasi members held full-time government offices, and 1,380 full-time agents monitored religious, cultural, and political activities.[2]:116
530 agents worked on opening mail. They were only able to intercept 1% of the 30 million packages sent to the GDR every year. 430 agents bugged telephones or rooms, and many of them spied on foreigners.[2]:118
Informants[edit | edit source]
About 600,000 people (4% of the population) knowingly gave information to the MfS. Only 174,000 were officially listed as informants, and many of them were never contacted by the MfS. 80% of informants gathered publicly available information, and less than 4,000 actually spied on people suspected of being involved in illegal activities. Most informants did not get any rewards, although some received small amounts of money or reduced jail sentences for minor crimes.[2]:116–8
Arrests[edit | edit source]
The MfS usually tried to persuade people not to commit crimes instead of allowing them to do so and then arresting them.[1]:100 However, it did arrest about 2,500 people every year, 95% of which were found guilty.[2]:118
Of the arrests made by the MfS between 1985 and 1988, 50% were for trying to illegally emigrate to the west, 20% were for threatening government employees, 20% were for working for West German organizations, 5% were for treason (spying, sabotage, etc.), and only about 0.1% were for insulting the state or its leaders.[1]:109–10 People arrested for slandering the government were usually released with a warning for first offenses. They could only face serious prison sentences if they threatened to overthrow the government or were acting on behalf of foreign agents.[2]:140
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Austin Murphy (2000). The Triumph of Evil: 'A Post-Mortem Comparison of Communist and Capitalist Societies Using the German Case as an Illustration'. [PDF] Fucecchio: European Press Academic Publishing. ISBN 8883980026
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Austin Murphy (2000). The Triumph of Evil: 'A Detailed Autopsy of the Collapse of the Superior System in the Divided Germany'. [PDF] Fucecchio: European Press Academic Publishing. ISBN 8883980026