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'''Linux''' is a [[Free and open-source software|free and open-source]] [[UNIX]]-like monolithic kernel developed by [[Linus Torvalds]]. Linux is managed with the version control system <code>git</code> and licensed under the [[GNU General Public License]] version 2. | '''Linux''' is a [[Free and open-source software|free and open-source]] [[UNIX]]-like monolithic kernel developed by [[Linus Torvalds]]. Linux is managed with the version control system <code>git</code> and licensed under the [[GNU General Public License]] version 2. | ||
Linux is often bundled with the [[GNU]] utilities. Although, this is not always the case, as can be seen by distributions like Alpine Linux.<ref | Linux is often bundled with the [[GNU]] utilities. Although, this is not always the case, as can be seen by distributions like Alpine Linux.<ref>{{Web citation|author=The Alpine Linux Developers|newspaper=Alpine Linux|title=Index|date=2023-5-24|url=https://www.alpinelinux.org/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230520235223/https://www.alpinelinux.org/|archive-date=2023-5-20|retrieved=2023-5-24|quote=Alpine Linux is a security-oriented, lightweight Linux distribution based on musl libc and busybox.}}</ref> | ||
==History== | ==History== | ||
Revision as of 09:21, 24 May 2023
Linux is a free and open-source UNIX-like monolithic kernel developed by Linus Torvalds. Linux is managed with the version control system git and licensed under the GNU General Public License version 2.
Linux is often bundled with the GNU utilities. Although, this is not always the case, as can be seen by distributions like Alpine Linux.[1]
History
Linus Torvalds released the Linux Kernel in source-code form in 1991.[2] The next year, in February 1992, Linux was released under the GNU General Public License.[3]
NVIDIA's Open-Source Boycott on Linux
In 2011, the NVIDIA Corporation refused to provide open-source GPU drivers;[4] Linux developers were forced to reverse engineer proprietary NVIDIA GPUs to develop open-source drivers, to which NVIDIA provided horrendous support.[citation needed]
Linus Torvalds famously responded to the boycott with a middle finger and a curse word: "NVIDIA, Fuck you!"[5]
NSA Interrogation
In 2013, Nils Torvalds reported that the National Security Agency contacted Linus Torvalds with a request to add backdoors into Linux.[6]
Linux distributions
Linux distributions (operating systems that use Linux) often use GNU coreutils.
State-developed
Many states have developed a Linux-based operating system to develop sovereign economies and break dependence on Microsoft Windows, which has backdoors usable by the Central Intelligence Agency.
- The Russian Federation developed and is transitioning to Astra Linux,[7] due to it's compliance to state orders for use of domestic software.[8]
- The Republic of Cuba developed Nova.[9]
- The DPRK (through the Korea Computer Center) developed Red Star OS.[Confirm Linux heritage]
Attacks by Microsoft
External Links
References
- ↑ “Alpine Linux is a security-oriented, lightweight Linux distribution based on musl libc and busybox.”
The Alpine Linux Developers (2023-5-24). "Index" Alpine Linux. Archived from the original on 2023-5-20. Retrieved 2023-5-24. - ↑ "Linux 0.01 Documentation".
- ↑ "Linux 0.12 Documentation".
- ↑ Chris Hoffman (2015-04-17). "Why Nvidia graphics cards are the worst for open-source, but the best for Linux gaming" PCWorld.
- ↑ Kuttofos (2012-06-17). "Linus Torvalds To Nvidia - "Fuck You"". YouTube.
- ↑ "NSA Asked Linus Torvalds To Install Backdoors Into GNU/Linux".
- ↑ "Российские операционные системы (ОС), отечественное ПО для виртуализации и резервного копирования | Astra Linux (Russian operating system, home virtualization, and reserve software | Astra Linux)".
- ↑ "Государственный сектор".
- ↑ "Nova | Portal Web".