Grand Duchy of Finland (1809–1917)

Grand Duchy of Finland; Suomen suuriruhtinaskunta; Storfurstendömet Finland; Великое княжество Финляндское
	Flag of the Russian Empire
Population
• 1910 estimate	2,943,000

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The Grand Duchy of Finland was an autonomous part of the Russian Empire.

History

Finland began to industrialize in the 1860s but major strikes did not begin until the 1890s.^[1] In 1905 and 1906, 3,000 metal workers went on strike for 19 weeks to shorten the work day to nine hours.^[2]

Economy

Until 1868, workers were under legal guardianship of their employer and capitalists could heavily fine or blackmail workers.^[1]

Peasant farmers made up a large portion of society and rented land from nobles, landlords, and capitalist corporations. Because most peasants were illiterate, landlords made verbal agreements with them on rent, which the landlords often broke.^[2]

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Tuure Lehen. Red and White War (Finnish: Punaisten ja Valkoisten Sota) (pp. 9–11).
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 TheFinnishBolshevik (2018-07-16). "The Finnish Communist Revolution (1918) PART 2: The Eve of Revolution" ML-Theory. Archived from the original on 2021-07-03. Retrieved 2022-07-24.

[:0-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Tuure Lehen. Red and White War (Finnish: Punaisten ja Valkoisten Sota) (pp. 9–11).

[:1-2] 2.0 ^2.1 TheFinnishBolshevik (2018-07-16). "The Finnish Communist Revolution (1918) PART 2: The Eve of Revolution" ML-Theory. Archived from the original on 2021-07-03. Retrieved 2022-07-24.

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[2]