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| Makhnovshchina Махновщина | |
|---|---|
| 1918–1921 | |
 Flag | |
Motto: Власть рождает паразитов. Да здравствует анархия! Power breeds parasites. Long live anarchy! | |
Anthem: Розпрягайте, хлопці, коні Unhitch the horses, boys | |
| Capital | Huliaipole |
| Government | Stateless communes (De jure) Warlordism (De facto) |
• Leader | Nestor Makhno |
| Legislature | Regional Congress of Peasants, Workers and Insurgents |
| History | |
• Established | 1918 |
• Dissolution | 1921 |
| Area | |
• Total | ~75,000 km² |
| Population | |
• Estimate | ~7,500,000 |
• Density | ~100 km² |
| Currency | Various |
| Today part of | Ukraine, Donetsk |
The Ukrainian Free Territory, also know as the Makhnovshchina (Ukrainian: Махновщина, Makhno phenomenon) was a self-proclaimed stateless society that existed during the Russian Civil War in the eastern part of Ukraine; however, it was effectively a bandit state headed by Nestor Makhno. Its lack of true statelessness can be attributed to its feudalistic economy.[1]
Conflict with Bolsheviks
Makhno demanded weapons from the Bolsheviks to fight the White Army but refused to allow Soviet grain collectors into the region.[2] On 7 May 1919, Ukrainian guerrilla leader Nikifor Grigoryev formed an alliance with the Whites and mutinied against the Red Army. Makhno was initially neutral but joined the rebellion on 25 May.[3] The rebellion weakened the Red Army and allowed Anton Denikin's White Guards to take control of most of Ukraine.
Anti-Semitism
Makhno himself was not an antisemite, but he recruited followers of Grigoryev who had been involved in pogroms. Grigoryev himself had organized pogroms in the summer of 1919 that killed roughly 6,000 Jews.[4]
References
- ↑ Colin Darch (2020). Nestor Makhno and Rural Anarchism in Ukraine, 1917-1921. Pluto Press. ISBN 9780745338880
- ↑ Arthur Adams (1963). Bolsheviks in the Ukraine. New Haven: Yale University Press.
- ↑ Michael Palij. The Anarchism of Nestor Makhno.
- ↑ Various authors. Encyclopaedia Judaica, vol. 13.