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{{infobox person|name=János Gálicz|image=János Gálicz.webp|birth_date=1890|death_date=20 October 1939 (aged 49)|death_place=[[Moscow]], [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (1917–1991)|Russian SFSR]], [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (1922–1991)|Soviet Union]]|birth_place=[[Tótkomlós]], [[Békés County]], [[Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen]], [[Austro-Hungarian Monarchy (1867–1918)|Austria-Hungary)]]|nationality=Hungarian | {{infobox person|name=János Gálicz|image=János Gálicz.webp|birth_date=1890|death_date=20 October 1939 (aged 49)|death_place=[[Moscow]], [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (1917–1991)|Russian SFSR]], [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (1922–1991)|Soviet Union]]|birth_place=[[Tótkomlós]], [[Békés County]], [[Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen]], [[Austro-Hungarian Monarchy (1867–1918)|Austria-Hungary)]]|nationality=Hungarian|caption=Photo of a Soviet officer, presumably Gálicz|known=His actions during the Spanish Civil War|death_cause=Execution by shooting}} | ||
'''János Gálicz''', '''José Ivanovich Gal''' | '''János Gálicz''' (1890 – 20 October 1939), also known as '''José Ivanovich Gal''' or '''General Gal''', was a [[Austro-Hungarian Monarchy (1867–1918)|Hungarian]]-[[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (1922–1991)|Soviet]] brigade commander who served in the [[Spanish Civil War]]. | ||
Gálicz gained infamy for his actions during the [[Battle of Jarama]] in which he sent hundreds of his own men to their deaths in what [[Ernest Hemingway]] later described as an "idiotic, stupidly conceived and insanely executed attack"<ref name=":0">[[Gustav Regler|Regler, Gustav]]; [[Ernest Hemingway|Hemingway, Ernest]]; [[Whittaker Chambers|Chambers, Whittaker]]; [[Henry Hay (writer)|Mussey, June Barrows]] (1940).: ''The Great Crusade''. Longmans, Green & Co. New York. p. vii.</ref> on [[Pingarrón|Pingarrón Hill]], also known as "Suicide Hill".<ref>[[Tom Wintringham|Wintringham, Thomas Henry]] (1940).: [https://www.marxists.org/archive/wintringham/1940/02/jarama.htm ''Comrades of Jarama'']. [[Volunteer for Liberty|''Volunteer for Liberty'']]. p. 4.</ref> During the attack, he threw outnumbered and inexperienced troops belonging to the [[XV International Brigade]] at an entrenched, uphill enemy position, against the advice of his subordinates.<ref>[[Marion Merriman|Merriman, Marion]] (1986).: [https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/entertainment/books/1986/06/29/for-whom-the-bell-tolled/a54132bb-9231-4a43-9a2d-a0a81f46e595/ ''For Whom the Bell Tolled'']. [[The Washington Post|''The Washington Post'']].</ref> Hemingway wrote that "He [Gálicz] should have been shot at the time." | |||
Gálicz was removed from his position as commander of the XV International Brigade after the "deplorable" conditions in his sector became known, and in 1939, upon returning to the Soviet Union, Gálicz was tried by a people's court in [[Moscow]] and sentenced to death.<ref name=":0" /> The sentence was carried out on 20 October 1939. | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
Revision as of 04:23, 23 January 2024
János Gálicz | |
|---|---|
 Photo of a Soviet officer, presumably Gálicz | |
| Born | 1890 Tótkomlós, Békés County, Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen, Austria-Hungary) |
| Died | 20 October 1939 (aged 49) Moscow, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union |
| Cause of death | Execution by shooting |
| Nationality | Hungarian |
| Known for | His actions during the Spanish Civil War |
János Gálicz (1890 – 20 October 1939), also known as José Ivanovich Gal or General Gal, was a Hungarian-Soviet brigade commander who served in the Spanish Civil War.
Gálicz gained infamy for his actions during the Battle of Jarama in which he sent hundreds of his own men to their deaths in what Ernest Hemingway later described as an "idiotic, stupidly conceived and insanely executed attack"[1] on Pingarrón Hill, also known as "Suicide Hill".[2] During the attack, he threw outnumbered and inexperienced troops belonging to the XV International Brigade at an entrenched, uphill enemy position, against the advice of his subordinates.[3] Hemingway wrote that "He [Gálicz] should have been shot at the time."
Gálicz was removed from his position as commander of the XV International Brigade after the "deplorable" conditions in his sector became known, and in 1939, upon returning to the Soviet Union, Gálicz was tried by a people's court in Moscow and sentenced to death.[1] The sentence was carried out on 20 October 1939.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Regler, Gustav; Hemingway, Ernest; Chambers, Whittaker; Mussey, June Barrows (1940).: The Great Crusade. Longmans, Green & Co. New York. p. vii.
- ↑ Wintringham, Thomas Henry (1940).: Comrades of Jarama. Volunteer for Liberty. p. 4.
- ↑ Merriman, Marion (1986).: For Whom the Bell Tolled. The Washington Post.