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| Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic Түркменистан Совет Социалистик Республикасы Туркменская Советская Социалистическая Республика | |
|---|---|
.svg) Flag (1973–1991)
 Coat of arms
| |
 | |
| Capital | Ashgabat |
| Dominant mode of production | Socialism |
| Government | Marxist–Leninist socialist state |
| Area | |
• Total | 491,210 km² |
The Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic was a republic of the Soviet Union in Central Asia.
Economy[edit | edit source]
Agriculture[edit | edit source]
From 1924 to 1940, the cotton yield of Turkmenistan increased by 450% and the yield per acre nearly doubled.[1] The percentage of the population working in agriculture dropped from 59.1% in 1939 to 48.6% in 1959.[2]
Industry[edit | edit source]
Industrial output in Turkmenistan increased by 74 times from 1913 to 1978. The percentage of the Turkmen population working in industry, transportation, and construction rose from 20.3% to 26.7% from 1939 to 1959.[2]
Living standards[edit | edit source]
Education[edit | edit source]
In 1940, there were 1,347 schools in Turkmenistan, most of which were in rural areas. In addition, there were four universities, 38 technical colleges, and 18 scientific research institutes.[1] The number of students of all levels in the Turkmen SSR increased by over 90 times following the revolution.[2]
Literacy[edit | edit source]
Before the October Revolution, less than 1% of the Turkmen population was literate.[1] The literacy rate rose to 14% in 1926,[2] 80% in 1940,[1] and 95.4% in 1959.[2]
In 1970, 65% of books and 70% of newspapers published in Turkmenistan were in the Turkmen language.[2]
Health care[edit | edit source]
In 1971, Turkmenistan had fewer doctors and hospital beds per capita than the all-USSR average, although there were more doctors per adult.[2]
Demographics[edit | edit source]
The proportion of Turkmens in the TSSR rose from 60.9% in 1959 to 68.4% in 1979. The amount of Russians dropped from 14.5% to 12.6% between 1970 and 1979.[2]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 W. P., Zelda K. Coates (1940). Russia, Finland and the Baltic: 'Introduction'. [PDF] London, England: Lawrence & Wishart Ltd..
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 Albert Szymanski (1984). Human Rights in the Soviet Union: 'The Asian Nationalities in the USSR' (pp. 39–57). [PDF] London: Zed Books Ltd.. ISBN 0862320186 [LG]