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Yakov Dzhugashvili | |
|---|---|
 Dzhugashvili in 1941 | |
| Birth name | იაკობ ჯუღაშვილი |
| Nickname(s) | Yasha |
| Born | 31 March [O.S. 18 March] 1907 Baji, Kutais, Russian Empire (today Ambrolauri, Georgia) |
| Died | 14 April 1943 (aged 36; disputed)[a] Sachsenhausen, Oranienburg, Nazi Germany |
| Buried | Nowhere (cremated) |
| Allegiance |  Soviet Union |
| Service/ |  Red Army |
| Years of service | 1941–43 |
| Rank | Senior lieutenant (starshiy leytenant) |
| Unit | 14th Howitzer Regiment, 14th Tank Division |
| Commands held | 6th Artillery Battery, 14th Howitzer Regiment |
| Known for | Being the eldest son of Joseph Stalin |
| Battles/wars | World War II |
| Awards | Order of the Red Banner Order of the Patriotic War, 1st class (posthumously) |
| Alma mater | Moscow Institute of Transport Engineers F. E. Dzerzhinsky Artillery Academy |
| Spouse(s) | Zora Gunina (m. 1925; sep. 1929) Olga Golysheva (m. 1935;[b] sep. 1935) Yulia Meltzer (m. 1935)[c] |
| Children | Elena Yevgeny Dzhugashvili Galina |
| Relations | Joseph Stalin (father) |
Yakov Iosifovich Dzhugashvili[d] (31 March [O.S. 18 March] 1907 in Baji, Kutaisi Governorate – 14 April 1943 at Sachsenhausen, Nazi Germany) was a Georgian engineer and Red Army officer famous for being the first son of Joseph Stalin.
Dzhugashvili was born in Baji, Georgia in March 1907 to Joseph Stalin (then known as Iosif Dzhugashvili) and Ekaterina Svanidze. His mother died of illness a few months after his birth, and his father was a wanted fugitive preoccupied with party work, so he was mainly raised by his grandmother and aunts. In 1921, Dzhugashvili moved to Moscow, where he met his father for the first time. They had an extremely tense relationship. Stalin disapproved of his marriage and Dzhugashvili attempted suicide twice.
Dzhugashvili graduated from the Moscow Institute of Transport Engineers (MIIT) in 1935 before becoming an electrician. In 1937 he began attending the F. E. Dzerzhinsky Artillery Academy at his father's insistence, finishing his studies on the eve of the Great Patriotic War in May 1941. He joined the Red Army with the rank of starshiy leytenant but surrendered to German forces at the Battle of Smolensk less than a month later.
After his capture, the Nazis attempted to exploit Dzhugashvili for propaganda purposes. Despite being critical of his father's military conduct and expressing anti-Semitic views, he was largely uncooperative. As a consequence, Dzhugashvili was sent to Sachsenhausen concentration camp. The Germans later sought a prisoner exchange, offering to trade Dzhugashvili for the German field marshal Friedrich Paulus or for Hitler's nephew Leo Raubal, both of whom were in Soviet captivity, but Stalin rejected any such proposal. Dzhugashvili died in prison in April 1943.
Notes[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Several members of Yakov's family, including his brother Artyom and his daughter Galina, disputed the claim that Yakov was captured by the Germans and died at Sachsenhausen in 1943. They instead maintained that he was killed in action at Smolensk on 16 July 1941, and that all evidence to the contrary was fabricated by the Nazis.
- ↑ Their marriage wasn't officially registered.
- ↑ Dzhugashvili and Meltzer only legally married in 1938.
- ↑ Georgian: იაკობ იოსების ძე ჯუღაშვილი, romanised Iakob Iosebis dze Jugashvili
Russian: Яков Иосифович Джугашвили