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{{ | {{Infobox country|name=Republic of Kazakhstan|native_name=Qazaqstan Respublikasy<br>Қазақстан Республикасы<br>Республика Казахстан|image_flag=Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|image_coat=Emblem of Kazakhstan.svg|capital=Astana|largest_city=Almaty|mode_of_production=[[Capitalism]]|government_type=Unitary presidential republic|leader_title1=President|leader_name1=[[Kassym-Jomart Tokayev]]|leader_title2=Prime Minister|leader_name2=[[Älihan Smaiylov]]|anthem=<br>Menıñ Qazaqstanym<br>Менің Қазақстаным|image_map=Kazakhstan map.svg|map_width=260|official_languages=Kazakh<br>Russian|area_km2=2,724,900|population_estimate=20,075,271|population_estimate_year=2024}} | ||
'''Kazakhstan''', officially, the '''Republic of Kazakhstan''', is a country located mainly in Central Asia. | '''Kazakhstan''', officially, the '''Republic of Kazakhstan''', is a country located mainly in [[Central Asia]] bordered by [[Russian Federation|Russia]], [[Turkmenistan]], [[Republic of Uzbekistan|Uzbekistan]], [[Kyrgyz Republic|Kyrgyzstan]] and [[People's Republic of China|China]]. Following the [[Russian revolution of 1917|1917 Russian Revolution]], it was made into the [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic (1936–1991)|Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic]]. After the 1991 [[Overthrow of the Soviet Union|fall of the Soviet Union]], it was the last of the [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (1922–1991)|Soviet]] states to declare independence. | ||
== History == | |||
In | === Kazakh Khanate === | ||
{{Main article|Kazakh Khanate (1465–1847)}} | |||
=== Russian Kazakhstan === | |||
{{Main article|Russian Empire (1721–1917)}} | |||
=== Socialist period === | |||
{{Main article|Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1920–1936)}}{{Main article|Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic (1936–1991)}} | |||
=== Bourgeois state === | |||
In 1993 the capital of Kazakhstan was moved to the city of Aqmola (now Astana) from its original location in Almaty, which had been the capital of [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic (1936–1991)|Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic]] from 1936 up until its relocation.<ref>[https://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/U950002457_ On the capital of the Republic of Kazakhstan.] Decree of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan №2457</ref> | |||
Another change to national symbols kept from Soviet Kazakhstan was the drafting of a new anthem in 2006 - "Menıñ Qazaqstanym". It was to replace the anthem adopted in 1992, which had the same melody as the anthem of the Kazakh SSR. The new anthem was co-written by the first president of bourgeois Kazakhstan, Nursultan Nazarbayev.<ref>[https://www.akorda.kz/en/state_symbols/kazakhstan_anthem National Anthem of Kazakhstan.] Official website of the President of Kazakhstan.</ref> | |||
In 2022, [[2022 Kazakhstan protests|protests]] rapidly overwhelmed the Kazakh government, but [[Russian Federation|Russian]] forces restored stability.<ref>{{News citation|journalist=|date=|title=Kazakh president's home ablaze as protests escalate, police clash with demonstrators|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-01-06/kazakh-presidents-home-ablaze-as-protests-escalate/100740790|newspaper=ABC|archive-url=|archive-date=|retrieved=}}</ref> | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
[[Category:Countries]] | [[Category:Countries]] | ||
[[Category:Asian countries]] | [[Category:Asian countries]] | ||
<references /> | |||
[[Category:Formerly socialist countries]] | |||
Latest revision as of 10:59, 15 May 2024
| Republic of Kazakhstan Qazaqstan Respublikasy Қазақстан Республикасы Республика Казахстан | |
|---|---|
 Flag
 Coat of arms
| |
Anthem: Menıñ Qazaqstanym Менің Қазақстаным | |
 | |
| Capital | Astana |
| Largest city | Almaty |
| Official languages | Kazakh Russian |
| Dominant mode of production | Capitalism |
| Government | Unitary presidential republic |
• President | Kassym-Jomart Tokayev |
• Prime Minister | Älihan Smaiylov |
| Area | |
• Total | 2,724,900 km² |
| Population | |
• 2024 estimate | 20,075,271 |
Kazakhstan, officially, the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a country located mainly in Central Asia bordered by Russia, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan and China. Following the 1917 Russian Revolution, it was made into the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic. After the 1991 fall of the Soviet Union, it was the last of the Soviet states to declare independence.
History[edit | edit source]
Kazakh Khanate[edit | edit source]
See main article: Kazakh Khanate (1465–1847)
Russian Kazakhstan[edit | edit source]
See main article: Russian Empire (1721–1917)
Socialist period[edit | edit source]
See main article: Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1920–1936)
See main article: Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic (1936–1991)
Bourgeois state[edit | edit source]
In 1993 the capital of Kazakhstan was moved to the city of Aqmola (now Astana) from its original location in Almaty, which had been the capital of Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic from 1936 up until its relocation.[1]
Another change to national symbols kept from Soviet Kazakhstan was the drafting of a new anthem in 2006 - "Menıñ Qazaqstanym". It was to replace the anthem adopted in 1992, which had the same melody as the anthem of the Kazakh SSR. The new anthem was co-written by the first president of bourgeois Kazakhstan, Nursultan Nazarbayev.[2]
In 2022, protests rapidly overwhelmed the Kazakh government, but Russian forces restored stability.[3]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ On the capital of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Decree of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan №2457
- ↑ National Anthem of Kazakhstan. Official website of the President of Kazakhstan.
- ↑ "Kazakh president's home ablaze as protests escalate, police clash with demonstrators". ABC.