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{{External article cleanup|date=November 2021}} | {{External article cleanup|date=November 2021}} | ||
The '''Business Plot''' (also called '''The White House Putsch''')<ref name="WP-20210113">{{ | The '''Business Plot''' (also called '''The White House Putsch''')<ref name="WP-20210113">{{Web citation|last=Brockell|first=Gillian|title=Wealthy bankers and businessmen plotted to overthrow FDR. A retired general foiled it.|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/history/2021/01/13/fdr-roosevelt-coup-business-plot/|date=January 13, 2021|work=[[The Washington Post]]|access-date=January 14, 2021}}</ref><ref>[https://www.npr.org/2012/02/12/145472726/when-the-bankers-plotted-to-overthrow-fdr NPR interview with Sally Denton, author of the book: ''When The Bankers Plotted To Overthrow FDR'']</ref> was a political conspiracy in 1933 in the [[United States]] to [[Coup d'état|overthrow]] the center-left [[Social democracy|social-democratic]] government of President [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] and install a right-wing fascist dictator.<ref name="WP-20210113" /> Retired Marine Corps Major General [[Smedley Butler]] asserted that wealthy businessmen were plotting to create a [[Fascism|fascist]] veterans' organization with Butler as its leader and use it in a [[coup d'état]] to overthrow Roosevelt. In 1934, Butler testified under oath before the [[United States House of Representatives]] [[House Un-American Activities Committee#McCormack%E2%80%93Dickstein%20Committee%20(1934%E2%80%931937)|Special Committee on Un-American Activities]] (the "[[John William McCormack|McCormack]]–[[Samuel Dickstein (congressman)|Dickstein]] Committee") on these revelations.<ref name="Schlesinger, p. 85">Schlesinger, p. 85</ref> Interestingly enough, no one was prosecuted. | ||
At the time of the incidents, most major news media dismissed the plot, with a ''[[The New York Times|New York Times]]'' editorial characterizing it as a "gigantic hoax."<ref name="nyt112234">{{ | At the time of the incidents, most major news media dismissed the plot, with a ''[[The New York Times|New York Times]]'' editorial characterizing it as a "gigantic hoax."<ref name="nyt112234">{{Web citation|title=Credulity Unlimited|date=November 22, 1934|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1934/11/22/archives/credulity-unlimited.html|work=[[The New York Times]]<!--|access-date=2009-03-03-->}}</ref> While historians have questioned whether or not a coup was actually close to execution, most agree that some sort of "wild scheme" was contemplated and discussed.<ref name="burk">{{Citation|last=Burk|first=Robert F.|title=The Corporate State and the Broker State: The Du Ponts and American National Politics, 1925–1940|publisher=Harvard University Press|year=1990|isbn=0-674-17272-8|url=https://archive.org/details/corporatestatet00burk}}</ref><ref name="schmidt226">Schmidt p. 226, 228, 229, 230</ref><ref name="Fox">{{Citation|last1=Fox|title=The Clarks of Cooperstown|publisher=Knopf|year=2007|isbn=978-0-307-26347-6|url=https://archive.org/details/clarksofcooperst00webe}}</ref><ref name="schlesinger83">Schlesinger, p. 83</ref> | ||
The conspiracy was organized by the [[American Liberty League]], [[American Legion]], and a private army of 500,000, including former soldiers. Several bourgeois families were involved, including the Morgans and Rockefellers, as well as [[George H. W. Bush]]'s father [[Prescott Bush]].<ref>{{News citation|author=Gabriel Rockhill|newspaper=[[Liberation School]]|title=Fascist plots in the U.S.: Contemporary lessons from the 1934 “Business Plot”|date=2021-06-06|url=https://www.liberationschool.org/fascist-plots-in-the-u-s-contemporary-lessons-from-the-1934-business-plot/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218103637/https://www.liberationschool.org/fascist-plots-in-the-u-s-contemporary-lessons-from-the-1934-business-plot/|archive-date=2022-02-18|retrieved=2022-06-20}}</ref> | The conspiracy was organized by the [[American Liberty League]], [[American Legion]], and a private army of 500,000, including former soldiers. Several bourgeois families were involved, including the Morgans and Rockefellers, as well as [[George H. W. Bush]]'s father [[Prescott Bush]].<ref>{{News citation|author=Gabriel Rockhill|newspaper=[[Liberation School]]|title=Fascist plots in the U.S.: Contemporary lessons from the 1934 “Business Plot”|date=2021-06-06|url=https://www.liberationschool.org/fascist-plots-in-the-u-s-contemporary-lessons-from-the-1934-business-plot/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218103637/https://www.liberationschool.org/fascist-plots-in-the-u-s-contemporary-lessons-from-the-1934-business-plot/|archive-date=2022-02-18|retrieved=2022-06-20}}</ref> | ||
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[[Category:Coup attempts]] | [[Category:Coup attempts]] | ||
[[Category:History of the USA]] | |||
Latest revision as of 12:55, 21 October 2024
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The Business Plot (also called The White House Putsch)[1][2] was a political conspiracy in 1933 in the United States to overthrow the center-left social-democratic government of President Franklin D. Roosevelt and install a right-wing fascist dictator.[1] Retired Marine Corps Major General Smedley Butler asserted that wealthy businessmen were plotting to create a fascist veterans' organization with Butler as its leader and use it in a coup d'état to overthrow Roosevelt. In 1934, Butler testified under oath before the United States House of Representatives Special Committee on Un-American Activities (the "McCormack–Dickstein Committee") on these revelations.[3] Interestingly enough, no one was prosecuted.
At the time of the incidents, most major news media dismissed the plot, with a New York Times editorial characterizing it as a "gigantic hoax."[4] While historians have questioned whether or not a coup was actually close to execution, most agree that some sort of "wild scheme" was contemplated and discussed.[5][6][7][8]
The conspiracy was organized by the American Liberty League, American Legion, and a private army of 500,000, including former soldiers. Several bourgeois families were involved, including the Morgans and Rockefellers, as well as George H. W. Bush's father Prescott Bush.[9]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Wealthy bankers and businessmen plotted to overthrow FDR. A retired general foiled it." (January 13, 2021).
- ↑ NPR interview with Sally Denton, author of the book: When The Bankers Plotted To Overthrow FDR
- ↑ Schlesinger, p. 85
- ↑ "Credulity Unlimited" (November 22, 1934).
- ↑ The Corporate State and the Broker State: The Du Ponts and American National Politics, 1925–1940 (1990). Harvard University Press. ISBN 0-674-17272-8
- ↑ Schmidt p. 226, 228, 229, 230
- ↑ The Clarks of Cooperstown (2007). Knopf. ISBN 978-0-307-26347-6
- ↑ Schlesinger, p. 83
- ↑ Gabriel Rockhill (2021-06-06). "Fascist plots in the U.S.: Contemporary lessons from the 1934 “Business Plot”" Liberation School. Archived from the original on 2022-02-18. Retrieved 2022-06-20.