Business Plot

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The Business Plot (also called The White House Putsch) was a political conspiracy in 1933 in the United States to overthrow the center-left social-democratic government of President Franklin D. Roosevelt and install a right-wing fascist dictator. Retired Marine Corps Major General Smedley Butler asserted that wealthy businessmen were plotting to create a fascist veterans' organization with Butler as its leader and use it in a coup d'état to overthrow Roosevelt. In 1934, Butler testified under oath before the United States House of Representatives Special Committee on Un-American Activities (the "McCormack–Dickstein Committee") on these revelations. Interestingly enough, no one was prosecuted.

At the time of the incidents, most major news media dismissed the plot, with a New York Times editorial characterizing it as a "gigantic hoax." While historians have questioned whether or not a coup was actually close to execution, most agree that some sort of "wild scheme" was contemplated and discussed.

The conspiracy was organized by the American Liberty League, American Legion, and a private army of 500,000, including former soldiers. Several bourgeois families were involved, including the Morgans and Rockefellers, as well as George H. W. Bush's father Prescott Bush.