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An international auxiliary language is an auxiliary language for communication between nations. A common example of an IAL is Esperanto; a more regional (or zonal) example is Interslavic.
The use and discussion of IALs have grown as a response to the controversial use of the English language and French language as auxiliary languages. These languages have colonial history and have been imposed on native populations. English also has a high difficulty, on par with Mandarin.[1]
History
Emergence
IALs have formed since the 1500s, during the emergence of capitalism. The Philosophical language, for example, was developed in 1688.[2]
IALs began to notably emerge during the 1870s, when imperialism began to develop. The first notable IAL to develop was Volapük as it had a vast community; however it split due to the creator's lack of criticism. It was eventually displaced by Esperanto.
Socialist Use
IALs began to be used by socialists and communists in the 1900s[3][4] to be able to communicate among language barriers and better implement proletarian internationalism.
In 1920 the Communist International created an Esperanto section and Ido section after some requests.
Some worker cooperatives, such as Interhelpo, used IALs to ease communication with people who learned different national languages.
Oppression
IALs were banned in Nazi Germany after a June 6 1936 decree, targeting Esperanto, to defend bourgeois nationalism.[5]
References
- ↑ "Why Is English So Hard to Learn?".
- ↑ John Wilkins (1668). An Essay Towards a Real Character, and a Philosophical Language.
- ↑ “Hollando. Profesoro Domela Nieuwen- huis, partopreninta en Romo en socialisto kongreso, konvinkiĝis pri neceseco de neŭtrala lingvo por internacia popola partio. Estroj de loka Sociala pario jam komencis trarigarda- don kaj komparadon de ĉiuj ekzistantaj siste- moj de arta lingvo, por enksnduki la plejbonan en la komunan uzadon. Ortedoksa kristana partio ĉn sia ĵurnalo: „Mondbatalo“, elranta en Pur- merendo kaj predikanta vegetariecon kaj bibion, aminde cedis unu koloneton por ĉiama enpresado de esperanta teksto,”
Ruslanda Esperantisto (1905) (p. 44). - ↑ “21—8 Junio de nuna jarcrestis sendita en 1 n- ternacian Socialistan Oficejon (Bu- reau Socialiste Internationale) en Bruxelles (Belgique) la sekvanta letero „La subskribintoj, aliĝintaj al Internacia Federacio de Laboristoj, petas de la Internacia Socialista Oficejo en Bruselo alprenon de iniernacia lingvo Esperanto, kiel oficiala lingvo de Internacia Federacio de Laboristoj, kaj uzadon de tiu ĉi lingvo por ĉiuj internaciaj cirkuleroj, sciigoj kaj kongresoj“”
Ruslanda Esperantisto: 'INTER SOCIALISTOJ' (1905) (p. 139). - ↑ The decree of 6 June 1936, signed on Himmler’s behalf by Dr. Werner Best, Heydrich’s deputy: Bundesarchiv, R 58/7421, fol. 204–5.