James Callaghan

James Callaghan
Born	27 March 1912 Portsmouth, Hampshire, England
Died	26 March 2005 (aged 92) Burgess Hill, West Sussex, England
Political orientation	Liberalism Imperialism
Political party	Labour

Leonard James Callaghan, (27 March 1912 – 26 March 2005) was a British politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1976 to 1979 and Leader of the Labour Party from 1976 to 1980. Callaghan served in various positions under Harold Wilson and is the only person to have held all four Great Offices of State. Most notably he served as Chancellor of the Exchequer from 1964 to 1967, Home Secretary from 1967 to 1970 and Foreign Secretary from 1974 to 1976.

Callaghan's premiership marked the end of British economic alignment with Keynesianism and helped continue the shift of Labour further to the right. The economic crisis that defined Callaghan's rule prompted him to seek a loan with the International Monetary Fund (IMF) which came with the condition of cuts to the welfare state and wages. Callaghan's attack on the quality of life of the British proletariat resulted in the Winter of Discontent and allowed the rise of Margaret Thatcher and Neoliberalism.