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(Created page with "A '''lobotomy''' is the practice of severing connections in the brain's prefrontal cortex. John F. Kennedy ordered a lobotomy on Rosemary Kennedy in 1941 to "calm her mood swings", which left her permanently incapacitated.<ref>{{Web citation|url=https://www.jfklibrary.org/learn/about-jfk/the-kennedy-family/rosemary-kennedy|title=Rosemary Kennedy}}</ref> In December 1950, the Soviet Union's USSR Ministry of...") |
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[[ | A '''lobotomy''' or leucotomy is the practice of severing connections in the brain's prefrontal cortex. The surgical procedure was often used to treat psychiatric disorders. Historically, patients of lobotomies were, immediately following surgery, often stuporous, confused, and incontinent. Some developed an enormous appetite and gained considerable weight. Seizures were another common complication of surgery. Emphasis was put on the training of patients in the weeks and months following surgery. | ||
While lobotomies were used to treat many psychiatric disorders, this was done at the expense of the individuals personality and intellect. For example, following the operation, spontaneity, responsiveness, self-awareness, and self-control were reduced. The activity was replaced by inertia, and people were mostly left emotionally blunted and restricted in their intellectual range.<ref>{{Citation|author=Partridge, Maurice|year=1950|title=Pre-frontal leucotomy|page=470-71|city=Oxford|publisher=Blackwell Scientific Publications|trans-lang=English}}</ref> | |||
[[Joseph Kennedy]] ordered a lobotomy on [[Rosemary Kennedy|Rosemary Kennedy,]] in 1941 to "calm her mood swings", which left her permanently incapacitated.<ref>{{Web citation|url=https://www.jfklibrary.org/learn/about-jfk/the-kennedy-family/rosemary-kennedy|title=Rosemary Kennedy}}</ref> | |||
In December 1950, the [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (1922–1991)|Soviet Union's]] [[USSR Ministry of Health|Ministry of Health]] banned lobotomies.<ref>{{Citation|trans-title=Приказ МЗ СССР 1003 (9 декабря 1950)|trans-lang=Russian|title=Order 1003 (9 December 1950)|publisher=Невропатология и психиатрия [Neuropathology and Psychiatry]|year=1951|volume=20(1)|page=17–18}}</ref> | In December 1950, the [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (1922–1991)|Soviet Union's]] [[USSR Ministry of Health|Ministry of Health]] banned lobotomies.<ref>{{Citation|trans-title=Приказ МЗ СССР 1003 (9 декабря 1950)|trans-lang=Russian|title=Order 1003 (9 December 1950)|publisher=Невропатология и психиатрия [Neuropathology and Psychiatry]|year=1951|volume=20(1)|page=17–18}}</ref> | ||
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[[Category:Psychiatry]] | [[Category:Psychiatry]] | ||
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Latest revision as of 20:42, 17 April 2024
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A lobotomy or leucotomy is the practice of severing connections in the brain's prefrontal cortex. The surgical procedure was often used to treat psychiatric disorders. Historically, patients of lobotomies were, immediately following surgery, often stuporous, confused, and incontinent. Some developed an enormous appetite and gained considerable weight. Seizures were another common complication of surgery. Emphasis was put on the training of patients in the weeks and months following surgery.
While lobotomies were used to treat many psychiatric disorders, this was done at the expense of the individuals personality and intellect. For example, following the operation, spontaneity, responsiveness, self-awareness, and self-control were reduced. The activity was replaced by inertia, and people were mostly left emotionally blunted and restricted in their intellectual range.[1]
Joseph Kennedy ordered a lobotomy on Rosemary Kennedy, in 1941 to "calm her mood swings", which left her permanently incapacitated.[2]
In December 1950, the Soviet Union's Ministry of Health banned lobotomies.[3]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Partridge, Maurice (1950). Pre-frontal leucotomy (pp. 470-71). Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications.
- ↑ "Rosemary Kennedy".
- ↑ Order 1003 (9 December 1950), vol. 20(1) (1951) (Russian: Приказ МЗ СССР 1003 (9 декабря 1950)). Невропатология и психиатрия [Neuropathology and Psychiatry].