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{{Infobox country|name=State of Palestine|leader_title2=Prime Minister|map_width= | {{Infobox country|name=State of Palestine|leader_title2=Prime Minister|map_width=290|image_map=Map_of_Palestine.svg|established_date1=15 November 1988|established=1988|established_event1=Declaration of Independence|leader_name2=Mohammad Shtayyeh|leader_name1=Mahmoud Abbas|native_name=دولة فلسطين|leader_title1=President|official_languages=Arabic|year_exile_start=1948|largest_city=Gaza City|capital_exile=Ramallah|image_coat=Coat of arms of Palestine.svg|capital=Jerusalem|image_flag=Flag of Palestine.png|map_caption=Map of Palestine, including areas occupied by Israel.}} | ||
'''Palestine''', officially the '''State of Palestine''', is an independent state in Western Asia that is partially occupied by [[Israel]] | '''Palestine''', officially the '''State of Palestine''', is an independent state in Western Asia that is partially occupied by [[Israel]].<ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=[[MintPress News]]|title=An Open Letter to Robert F. Kennedy Jr|date=2023-08-11|url=https://www.mintpressnews.com/an-open-letter-to-robert-f-kennedy-jr/285485/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230812011330/https://www.mintpressnews.com/an-open-letter-to-robert-f-kennedy-jr/285485/|archive-date=2023-08-12}}</ref> | ||
== History == | |||
=== Medieval history === | |||
During the [[Mamluk Sultanate]], the Palestinian city of Jenin was a central station for the postal service between Cairo and Damascus. The [[Ottoman Empire (1299–1922)|Ottoman Empire]] ruled Palestine for 401 years, starting in the 16th century.<ref>{{Web citation|author=Miko Peled|newspaper=[[MintPress News]]|title=An Open Letter to Robert F. Kennedy Jr|date=2023-08-11|url=https://www.mintpressnews.com/an-open-letter-to-robert-f-kennedy-jr/285485/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230812011330/https://www.mintpressnews.com/an-open-letter-to-robert-f-kennedy-jr/285485/|archive-date=2023-08-12}}</ref> | |||
=== Early Zionist settlement === | |||
In the 19th and early 20th centuries, a movement known as [[Zionism]] was formed, advocating a homeland for [[Judaism|Jewish]] people in the, then [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland|British]] occupied, land of Palestine. At the same time, the majority Arabic population, who had lived in Palestine for generations, desired independence from the British in the form of an independent Arabic state. In 1917 the British released the Balfour Declaration, which expressed full support to the Zionist movement. The Palestinian people, angered by the British completely ignoring their interests, began protests and rioting against Jewish occupation as early as 1920. These protests were largely led by Amin al-Husseini, the Grand Mufti of Jerusalem.{{Citation needed}} | |||
=== Arab Revolt (1936–1939) === | |||
Starting April 19, 1936, a mass [[Strike action|strike]] against the British instatement of Zionism in the region was formulated. The strike was organized by the Arab Higher Committee, a Palestinian independence movement under the leadership of Amin al-Husseini. This strike eventually led to violent insurgency against British rule in the countryside. The British reacted to these strikes as any imperialist power would; through violent suppression. The British seized and searched property, often without warrants, tortured Palestinian prisoners, and deported Palestinian people from their homeland. There were also many violent encounters between Palestinian resistance, the British army, and Zionist paramilitary groups. | |||
By the time it concluded in September 1939, more than 5,000 Arabs, over 300 Jews and 262 Britons had been killed, and at least 15,000 Arabs were wounded.{{Citation needed}} | |||
[[File:Colonization of Palestine.png|thumb|Colonization of Palestine from 1947 to 2005]] | |||
[[File:West Bank.png|thumb|325x325px|Green: Palestinian control<br>Red: Joint control<br>Blue and pink: Israeli control]] | |||
== Territory == | |||
Before 1948, Palestine consisted of all of the land on the land on the Sinai Peninsula outside of Egypt. In 1948, the area was partitioned into two states, Israel and Palestine. Israel was not satisfied with its territory and soon annexed 60% of Palestinian land in the Arab–Israeli War.<ref>{{Citation|author=|year=1948|title=Area of Jurisdiction and Powers Ordinance (1948)|chapter=|section=|page=57|quote=|pdf=|city=|publisher=israellawresourcecenter.org|isbn=|doi=|lg=|mia=|title-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170624062229/http://www.israellawresourcecenter.org/israellaws/fulltext/areajurisdictionpowersord.htm|chapter-url=|trans-title=|trans-lang=}}</ref> During the Six-Day War in 1967, Israel invaded the rest of Palestine and annexed East Jerusalem.<ref>{{Citation|author=|year=2018|title=Milestones: 1961–1968|chapter=|section=|page=|quote=|pdf=|city=|publisher=Office of the Historian|isbn=|doi=|lg=|mia=|title-url=|chapter-url=|trans-title=|trans-lang=}}</ref> Most of the West Bank is now occupied by Israel.<ref>{{News citation|journalist=|date=2003-12-17|title=Applicability of the Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War, of 12 August 1949, to the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including Jerusalem, and the other occupied Arab territories|url=http://domino.un.org/unispal.nsf/97360ee7a29e68a085256df900723485/d6f5d7049734efff85256e1200677754|newspaper=United Nations|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070603050844/http://domino.un.org/unispal.nsf/97360ee7a29e68a085256df900723485/d6f5d7049734efff85256e1200677754|archive-date=2007-06-03|retrieved=2022-01-03}}</ref> | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
[[Category:Countries targeted by imperialist aggression]] | [[Category:Countries targeted by imperialist aggression]] | ||
Revision as of 12:45, 12 August 2023
| State of Palestine دولة فلسطين | |
|---|---|
 Flag
 Coat of arms
| |
 Map of Palestine, including areas occupied by Israel. | |
| Capital | Jerusalem |
| Capital-in-exile | Ramallah |
| Largest city | Gaza City |
| Official languages | Arabic |
| Leaders | |
• President | Mahmoud Abbas |
• Prime Minister | Mohammad Shtayyeh |
| History | |
• Declaration of Independence | 15 November 1988 |
Palestine, officially the State of Palestine, is an independent state in Western Asia that is partially occupied by Israel.[1]
History
Medieval history
During the Mamluk Sultanate, the Palestinian city of Jenin was a central station for the postal service between Cairo and Damascus. The Ottoman Empire ruled Palestine for 401 years, starting in the 16th century.[2]
Early Zionist settlement
In the 19th and early 20th centuries, a movement known as Zionism was formed, advocating a homeland for Jewish people in the, then British occupied, land of Palestine. At the same time, the majority Arabic population, who had lived in Palestine for generations, desired independence from the British in the form of an independent Arabic state. In 1917 the British released the Balfour Declaration, which expressed full support to the Zionist movement. The Palestinian people, angered by the British completely ignoring their interests, began protests and rioting against Jewish occupation as early as 1920. These protests were largely led by Amin al-Husseini, the Grand Mufti of Jerusalem.[citation needed]
Arab Revolt (1936–1939)
Starting April 19, 1936, a mass strike against the British instatement of Zionism in the region was formulated. The strike was organized by the Arab Higher Committee, a Palestinian independence movement under the leadership of Amin al-Husseini. This strike eventually led to violent insurgency against British rule in the countryside. The British reacted to these strikes as any imperialist power would; through violent suppression. The British seized and searched property, often without warrants, tortured Palestinian prisoners, and deported Palestinian people from their homeland. There were also many violent encounters between Palestinian resistance, the British army, and Zionist paramilitary groups.
By the time it concluded in September 1939, more than 5,000 Arabs, over 300 Jews and 262 Britons had been killed, and at least 15,000 Arabs were wounded.[citation needed]
Red: Joint control
Blue and pink: Israeli control
Territory
Before 1948, Palestine consisted of all of the land on the land on the Sinai Peninsula outside of Egypt. In 1948, the area was partitioned into two states, Israel and Palestine. Israel was not satisfied with its territory and soon annexed 60% of Palestinian land in the Arab–Israeli War.[3] During the Six-Day War in 1967, Israel invaded the rest of Palestine and annexed East Jerusalem.[4] Most of the West Bank is now occupied by Israel.[5]
References
- ↑ "An Open Letter to Robert F. Kennedy Jr" (2023-08-11). MintPress News. Archived from the original on 2023-08-12.
- ↑ Miko Peled (2023-08-11). "An Open Letter to Robert F. Kennedy Jr" MintPress News. Archived from the original on 2023-08-12.
- ↑ Area of Jurisdiction and Powers Ordinance (1948) (1948) (p. 57). israellawresourcecenter.org.
- ↑ Milestones: 1961–1968 (2018). Office of the Historian.
- ↑ "Applicability of the Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War, of 12 August 1949, to the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including Jerusalem, and the other occupied Arab territories" (2003-12-17). United Nations. Archived from the original on 2007-06-03. Retrieved 2022-01-03.