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{{Infobox country|name=Republic of Panama|native_name=República de Panamá|image_flag=Flag of Panama.svg|image_coat=Coat of arms of Panama.svg|capital=Panama City|largest_city=Panama City|mode_of_production=[[Capitalism]]|image_map=Panama map.svg|map_width=260|official_languages=Spanish|area_km2=75,417|population_estimate=4,337,768|population_estimate_year=2022}} | {{Infobox country|name=Republic of Panama|native_name=República de Panamá|image_flag=Flag of Panama.svg|image_coat=Coat of arms of Panama.svg|capital=Panama City|largest_city=Panama City|mode_of_production=[[Capitalism]]|image_map=Panama map.svg|map_width=260|official_languages=Spanish|area_km2=75,417|population_estimate=4,337,768|population_estimate_year=2022}} | ||
'''Panama''', officially the '''Republic of Panama''', is a transcontinental country connecting [[South America]] and [[North America]]. | '''Panama''', officially the '''Republic of Panama''', is a transcontinental country connecting [[South America]] and [[North America]]. | ||
== History == | == History == | ||
From the 1940s to the 1990s, the [[United States of America|United States]] tested chemical weapons including mustard gas, VX, sarin, Agent Orange, and cyanide in Panama.<ref name=":1" /> The [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] helped one of [[Manuel Noriega]]'s allies win the 1984 presidential election.<ref name=":02">{{Citation|author=William Blum|year=2002|title=Rogue State: A Guide to the World's Only Superpower|chapter=Perverting Elections|isbn=9781842772201|publisher=Zed Books Ltd|lg=https://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=29EED3C6906FF165E08303B9EAF66B4F|pdf=https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/bafykbzacedas5bwprytpzcih6tof3ipede5uzmcvt47tfzwp4cptdau6vmjpy?filename=William%20Blum%20-%20Rogue%20State_%20A%20Guide%20to%20the%20World%27s%20Only%20Superpower-Zed%20Books%20Ltd%20%282002%29.pdf|page=146}}</ref> In 1989, the USA [[United States invasion of Panama|invaded and bombed Panama]], killing thousands of Panamanians and leaving 15,000 more homeless.<ref name=":0">{{Citation|author=William Blum|year=2002|title=Rogue State: A Guide to the World's Only Superpower|chapter=A Concise History of United States Global Interventions, | From the 1940s to the 1990s, the [[United States of America|United States]] tested chemical weapons including mustard gas, VX, sarin, Agent Orange, and cyanide in Panama.<ref name=":1">{{Citation|author=William Blum|year=2002|title=Rogue State: A Guide to the World's Only Superpower|chapter=United States Use of Chemical and Biological Weapons | ||
Abroad|isbn=9781842772201|publisher=Zed Books Ltd|lg=https://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=29EED3C6906FF165E08303B9EAF66B4F|pdf=https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/bafykbzacedas5bwprytpzcih6tof3ipede5uzmcvt47tfzwp4cptdau6vmjpy?filename=William%20Blum%20-%20Rogue%20State_%20A%20Guide%20to%20the%20World%27s%20Only%20Superpower-Zed%20Books%20Ltd%20%282002%29.pdf|page=97}}</ref> The [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] helped one of [[Manuel Noriega]]'s allies win the 1984 presidential election.<ref name=":02">{{Citation|author=William Blum|year=2002|title=Rogue State: A Guide to the World's Only Superpower|chapter=Perverting Elections|isbn=9781842772201|publisher=Zed Books Ltd|lg=https://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=29EED3C6906FF165E08303B9EAF66B4F|pdf=https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/bafykbzacedas5bwprytpzcih6tof3ipede5uzmcvt47tfzwp4cptdau6vmjpy?filename=William%20Blum%20-%20Rogue%20State_%20A%20Guide%20to%20the%20World%27s%20Only%20Superpower-Zed%20Books%20Ltd%20%282002%29.pdf|page=146}}</ref> In 1989, the USA [[United States invasion of Panama|invaded and bombed Panama]], killing thousands of Panamanians and leaving 15,000 more homeless.<ref name=":0">{{Citation|author=William Blum|year=2002|title=Rogue State: A Guide to the World's Only Superpower|chapter=A Concise History of United States Global Interventions, | |||
1945 to the Present|isbn=9781842772201|publisher=Zed Books Ltd|lg=https://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=29EED3C6906FF165E08303B9EAF66B4F|pdf=https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/bafykbzacedas5bwprytpzcih6tof3ipede5uzmcvt47tfzwp4cptdau6vmjpy?filename=William%20Blum%20-%20Rogue%20State_%20A%20Guide%20to%20the%20World%27s%20Only%20Superpower-Zed%20Books%20Ltd%20%282002%29.pdf|page=130–131}}</ref> | 1945 to the Present|isbn=9781842772201|publisher=Zed Books Ltd|lg=https://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=29EED3C6906FF165E08303B9EAF66B4F|pdf=https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/bafykbzacedas5bwprytpzcih6tof3ipede5uzmcvt47tfzwp4cptdau6vmjpy?filename=William%20Blum%20-%20Rogue%20State_%20A%20Guide%20to%20the%20World%27s%20Only%20Superpower-Zed%20Books%20Ltd%20%282002%29.pdf|page=130–131}}</ref> | ||
Revision as of 16:15, 20 May 2023
| Republic of Panama República de Panamá | |
|---|---|
 Flag
 Coat of arms
| |
 | |
| Capital and largest city | Panama City |
| Official languages | Spanish |
| Dominant mode of production | Capitalism |
| Area | |
• Total | 75,417 km² |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 4,337,768 |
Panama, officially the Republic of Panama, is a transcontinental country connecting South America and North America.
History
From the 1940s to the 1990s, the United States tested chemical weapons including mustard gas, VX, sarin, Agent Orange, and cyanide in Panama.[1] The CIA helped one of Manuel Noriega's allies win the 1984 presidential election.[2] In 1989, the USA invaded and bombed Panama, killing thousands of Panamanians and leaving 15,000 more homeless.[3]
References
- ↑ William Blum (2002). Rogue State: A Guide to the World's Only Superpower: 'United States Use of Chemical and Biological Weapons Abroad' (p. 97). [PDF] Zed Books Ltd. ISBN 9781842772201 [LG]
- ↑ William Blum (2002). Rogue State: A Guide to the World's Only Superpower: 'Perverting Elections' (p. 146). [PDF] Zed Books Ltd. ISBN 9781842772201 [LG]
- ↑ William Blum (2002). Rogue State: A Guide to the World's Only Superpower: 'A Concise History of United States Global Interventions, 1945 to the Present' (pp. 130–131). [PDF] Zed Books Ltd. ISBN 9781842772201 [LG]