Italian Republic

Italian Republic Repubblica Italiana
Flag Coat of arms
Capital and largest city	Rome
Official languages	Italian
Dominant mode of production	Capitalism
Government	Unitary parliamentary republic
• President	Sergio Mattarella
• Prime Minister	Giorgia Meloni
History
• Unification	17 March 1861
• Republic	2 June 1946
Area
• Total	301,340 km²
Population
• 2020 estimate	60,317,116

Italy, officially the Italian Republic, is a country in Southern Europe.

History

Unification

See main article: Risorgimento

Fascism (1922–1943)

See main article: Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)#Fascism

During most of the Interwar period and the Second World War, a fascist regime under Benito Mussolini ruled Italy, the economy declined, many ethnic groups, particularly in Italian colonies such as Libya, saw heavy repression, and some of the first mass privatizations occurred.

Cold War

In 1948, the communist Palmiro Togliatti ran in the Italian general election. The CIA rigged the election and spread capitalist propaganda, causing Togliatti to lose to the Christian Democracy Party.