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Council for Mutual Economic Assistance Совет Экономической Взаимопомощи | |
|---|---|
 Flag | |
| Founded | 8 January 1949 |
| Dissolved | 28 June 1991 |
| Preceded by | Comintern |
Comecon, officially the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance, was a communist economic organization based in the Soviet Union. It existed from 1949 to 1991 and included the USSR, Warsaw Pact, Mongolia, Vietnam, and Cuba.[1] It also contained Yugoslavia as an associate member and other socialist and capitalist states as observers.[2] Its members provided aid to each other and bought goods at reasonable prices. The Soviet Union exported raw materials and agricultural products to Eastern Europe in exchange for machinery.[3]
Membership
Full members
| Name | Accession Date | Continent | Capital | Area (km2) | Population (1989) | Density (per km2) | Currency |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| People's Socialist Republic of Albania
(Republika Popullore Socialiste e Shqipërisë) |
Feb. 1949 | Europe | Tirana | 28,748 | 3,512,317 | 122.2 | Lek |
| People's Republic of Bulgaria
(Народна република България) |
Jan. 1949 | Europe | Sofia | 110,994 | 9,009,018 | 81.2 | Lev |
| Republic of Cuba
(República de Cuba) |
Jul. 1972 | North America | Havana | 109,884 | 10,486,110 | 95.4 | Peso |
| Czechoslovak Socialist Republic
(Československá socialistická republika) |
Jan. 1949 | Europe | Prague | 127,900 | 15,658,079 | 122.4 | Koruna |
| German Democratic Republic
(Deutsche Demokratische Republik) |
1950 | Europe | Berlin | 108,333 | 16,586,490 | 153.1 | Mark |
| Hungarian People's Republic
(Magyar Népköztársaság) |
Jan. 1949 | Europe | Budapest | 93,030 | 10,375,323 | 111.5 | Forint |
| Mongolian People's Republic
(Бүгд Найрамдах Монгол Ард Улс) |
1962 | Asia | Ulaanbaatar | 1,564,116 | 2,125,463 | 1.4 | Tögrög |
| Polish People's Republic
(Polska Rzeczpospolita Ludowa) |
Jan. 1949 | Europe | Warsaw | 312,685 | 38,094,812 | 121.8 | Złoty |
| Socialist Republic of Romania
(Republica Socialistă România) |
Jan. 1949 | Europe | Bucharest | 238,391 | 23,472,562 | 98.5 | Leu |
| Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
(Союз Советских Социалистических Республик) |
Jan. 1949 | Eurasia | Moscow | 22,402,200 | 286,730,819 | 12.8 | Ruble |
| Socialist Republic of Vietnam
(Cộng hòa xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam) |
1978 | Asia | Hanoi | 332,698 | 66,757,401 | 200.7 | Đồng |
Associate status
| Name | Accession Date | Continent | Capital | Area (km2) | Population (1991) | Density (per km2) | Currency |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
(Socijalistička Federativna Republika Jugoslavija / Социјалистичка Федеративна Република Југославија) |
1964 | Europe | Belgrade | 255,804 | 23,528,230 | 91.9 | Dinar |
Observer status
| Name | Accession Date | Continent | Capital | Area (km2) | Population | Density (per km2) | Currency |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| People's Republic of China
(中华人民共和国) |
1950
(stopped participating in 1961) |
Asia | Beijing | 9,596,961 | 694,581,759 (1964) | 72.3 | Renminbi |
| Democratic People's Republic of Korea
(조선민주주의인민공화국) |
1956 | Asia | Pyongyang | 120,540 | 21,213,478 (1993) | 175.9 | Won |
| Republic of Finland
(Suomen tasavalta / Republiken Finland) |
1973 | Europe | Helsinki | 338,455 | 4,998,480
(1990) |
14.7 | Markka |
| Iraqi Republic
(الجمهورية العراقية) |
1975 | Asia | Baghdad | 437,072 | 17,419,113 (1990) | 39.8 | Dinar |
| United Mexican States
(Estados Unidos Mexicanos) |
1975 | North America | Mexico City | 1,972,550 | 81,249,645 (1990) | 41.2 | Peso |
| People's Republic of Angola
(República Popular de Angola) |
1976 | Africa | Luanda | 1,246,700 | 10,335,000 | 8.2 | Kwanza |
| Republic of Nicaragua
(República de Nicaragua) |
1984 | North America | Managua | 130,375 | 4,138,000 | 31.7 | Córdoba |
| People's Republic of Mozambique
(República Popular de Moçambique) |
1985 | Africa | Maputo | 801,590 | 13,547,000 | 16.9 | Metical |
| Democratic Republic of Afghanistan
(دافغانستان دمکراتی جمهوریت) |
1986 | Asia | Kabul | 652,867 | 12,412,311 | 19.0 | Afghani |
| People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
(የኢትዮጵያ ሕዝባዊ ዲሞክራሲያዊ ሪፐብሊክ) |
1986 | Africa | Addis Ababa | 1,221,900 | 51,666,622 | 42.2 | Birr |
| Lao People's Democratic Republic
(ສາທາລະນະລັດ ປະຊາທິປະໄຕ ປະຊາຊົນລາວ) |
1986 | Asia | Vientiane | 237,955 | 4,192,000 | 17.6 | Kip |
| People's Democratic Republic of Yemen
(جمهورية اليمن الديمقراطية الشعبية) |
1986 | Asia | Aden | 360,133 | 2,585,484 | 7.1 | Dinar |
References
- ↑ Michael C. Kaser (1967). Comecon: Integration problems of the planned economies. Oxford University Press.
- ↑ Germany (East): 'The Council for Mutual Economic Assistance' (2009). Library of Congress Country Study.
- ↑ Vijay Prashad (2008). The Darker Nations: A People's History of the Third World: 'Buenos Aires' (p. 72). [PDF] The New Press. ISBN 9781595583420 [LG]