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Republic of Poland (1918–1939)

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Revision as of 22:12, 17 August 2022 by Wisconcom (talk | contribs) (Expanded infobox.)
Republic of Poland
Rzeczpospolita Polska
Flag of Republic of Poland
Flag
Location of Republic of Poland
Capital
and largest city
Warsaw
Official languagesPolish
Recognised regional languagesGerman
Belarusian
Lithuanian
Ukrainian
Dominant mode of productionCapitalism
GovernmentUnitary Bourgeois Republic
Area
• Total
388,634 km²
Population
• 1939 estimate
35,100,000


The Second Polish Republic, officially the Republic of Poland, was a country in Eastern Europe.

History

Polish–Soviet War

In 1919, Poland invaded western Belarus and Ukraine, beginning a war against the Red Army. Over 100,000 Soviet soldiers were captured and 60,000 died in prison camps.[1]

Repression of communists

In 1926, First Marshal Józef Piłsudski established a military police system. In 1934, he created a prison camp for the political opposition, which included communists.[1]

Czechoslovakia

Poland signed a non-aggression pact with Germany in 1934 and occupied the Cieszyn region of Czechoslovakia in 1938. However, Poland refused to join the fascist Anti-Comintern Pact.[1]

Second World War

On 1 September 1939, Germany invaded Poland and broke its non-aggression pact. The Polish government quickly collapsed and fled to Romania and then England, where it established a government-in-exile. On 17 September, the Soviet Union crossed the border and took control of western Belarus and Ukraine.[1]

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 "The Polish Question" (2020-09-01). Politsturm. Archived from the original on 2021-04-14. Retrieved 2022-06-16.