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'Ultra' redirects here. For ultra-capitalist sympathisers, see Far-right.
Ultra-leftism (sometimes abbreviated ultra) is a derogatory label used by Marxist-Leninists or other socialists to denounce other socialist or Marxist ideologies as usually either dogmatic, adventurist, or a left deviation. Ideologies which are commonly called ultra-leftist are mainly left communism but also include Trotskyism, Hoxhaism, and Maoism. The advocacy for terror is a common hallmark of ultra-leftism.
The term originated in the 1920s in the German and Dutch workers movements, originally referring to a Marxist group opposed to both Marxism-Leninism and social democracy, and with some affinities with anarchism.