South America

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South America Lanmérik di Sid Ñemby Amérika América do Sul Urin Awya Yala América del Sur Ameerika Uuchimüin
Largest city	São Paulo
Area
• Total	17,840,000 km²
Population
• Estimate	434,254,119 (2021)

South America is a continent in the Southern Hemisphere. It is to the south of North America. South America borders the Pacific Ocean to the west and the Atlantic Ocean to the east. The continent contains 12 sovereign states: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, and Venezuela.

Left-Wing Political Tendencies

Many South American countries have experienced left-wing, often socialist or communist, movements in their history. This inclination is best explained as a reaction to imperialism, as South America is considered to be in the Global South. Some notable movements include Chavismo in Venezuela, the Communist Party of Chile, and the Shining Path in Peru.

Many left-wing parties in South America convene at the São Paulo Forum, an international conference of Latin American leftist political parties.