Library:Fundamental principles of philosophy: Difference between revisions

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== Historical materialism ==
== Historical materialism ==


=== fifteenth lesson. - production: productive forces and production relationships ===
=== Production: productive forces and production relationships ===


==== i. the conditions of the material life of the company ====
==== The conditions of the material life of society ====


===== (a) the geographic setting =====
===== The geographical environment =====


===== (b) the population =====
===== The population =====


==== ii. the method of production ====
==== The mode of production ====


===== a) productive forces =====
===== Productive forces =====


===== b) production reports =====
===== Relations of production =====


==== iii. ownership of the means of production ====
==== Ownership of the means of production ====


==== iv. the change in production methods, a key to the history of companies ====
==== The change in modes of production, a key to the history of society ====


==== v. conclusion ====
==== Conclusion ====


==== control issues ====
==== Control issues ====


=== sixteenth lesson. - the law of necessary correspondence between the relations of production and the character of the productive forces ===
=== The law of necessary correspondence between the relations of production and the character of the productive forces ===


==== i. productive forces are the most mobile and revolutionary element of production ====
==== Productive forces are the most mobile and revolutionary element of production ====


==== ii. the feedback of production reports on the productive forces ====
==== The correspondent action of relations of production on the productive forces ====


==== iii. the necessary law of correspondence ====
==== The necessary law of correspondence ====


==== iv. the role of human action ====
==== The role of human action ====


==== control issues ====
==== Control issues ====


=== seventeenth lesson. - the class struggle before capitalism ===
=== The class struggle before capitalism ===


==== i. the origins of the company ====
==== The origins of the society ====


==== ii. the appearance of classes ====
==== The emergence of classes ====


==== iii. slave and feudal societies ====
==== Slave and feudal societies ====


==== iv. the development of the bourgeoisie ====
==== The development of the bourgeoisie ====


==== control issues ====
==== Control issues ====


=== eighteenth lesson. - the contradictions of capitalist society ===
=== The contradictions of capitalist society ===


==== i. capitalist relations of production: their specific contradiction ====
==== Capitalist relations of production: their specific contradiction ====


==== ii. the law of correspondence necessary in capitalist society ====
==== The law of correspondence necessary in capitalist society ====


===== a) the correspondence between capitalist relations of production and the character of the productive forces =====
===== The correspondence between capitalist relations of production and the character of the productive forces =====


===== b) the conflict between capitalist relations of production and the character of the productive forces =====
===== The conflict between capitalist relations of production and the character of the productive forces =====


==== iii. the class struggle of the proletariat as a method for resolving the contradiction between the relations of production and the productive forces ====
==== The class struggle of the proletariat as a method for resolving the contradiction between the relations of production and the productive forces ====


==== iv. conclusion ====
==== Conclusion ====


==== control issues ====
==== Control issues ====


=== nineteenth lesson. - the superstructure ===
=== The superstructure ===


==== i. what is the superstructure? ====
==== What is the superstructure? ====


==== ii. the superstructure is generated by the base ====
==== The superstructure is generated by the base ====


==== iii. the superstructure is an active force ====
==== The superstructure is an active force ====


==== iv. the superstructure is not directly related to production ====
==== The superstructure is not directly related to production ====


==== v. conclusion ====
==== Conclusion ====


==== control issues ====
==== Control issues ====


=== twentieth lesson. - socialism ===
=== Socialism ===


==== i. distribution and production ====
==== Distribution and production ====


==== ii. the economic basis of socialism ====
==== The economic basis of socialism ====


==== iii. objective conditions for the transition to socialism ====
==== Objective conditions for the transition to socialism ====


==== iv. the fundamental law of socialism ====
==== The fundamental law of socialism ====


==== v. subjective conditions of the transition to socialism and its development ====
==== Subjective conditions of the transition to socialism and its development ====


==== vi. conclusion ====
==== Conclusion ====


==== control issues ====
==== Control issues ====


=== twenty-first lesson. - from socialism to communism ===
=== From socialism to communism ===


==== i. the first phase of communist society ====
==== The first phase of communist society ====


==== ii. the upper phase of communist society ====
==== The upper phase of communist society ====


==== iii. productive forces and production relations under socialism ====
==== Productive forces and production relations under socialism ====


==== iv. the conditions of the transition from socialism to communism ====
==== The conditions of the transition from socialism to communism ====


==== v. conclusion ====
==== Conclusion ====


==== control issues ====
==== Control issues ====


== The materialist theory of state and nation ==
== The materialist theory of state and nation ==

Revision as of 16:00, 4 November 2020

This primary source is currently under transcription process using this resource and a physical copy as reference.

Foreword

Introduction

What is philosophy?

Why do we need to study philosophy?

What philosophy should we study?

A scientific philosophy: dialectical materialism

A revolutionary philosophy: the philosophy of the proletariat

Conclusion: unity of theory and practice

Study of the marxist dialectical method

The dialectical method

What is a method?

The metaphysical method

Its characters
Its historical significance

The dialectical method

Its characters
Its historical background

Formal logic and dialectical method

Traits of dialectics

Everything is connected (law of reciprocal action and universal connection)

An example
The first trait of dialectics
In nature
In society
Conclusion
Control issues

Everything is changing (law of universal change and of the continuous development)

An example
The second trait of dialectics
In nature
In society
Conclusion
Control issues

Qualitative change

An example
The third trait of dialectics
In nature
In society
Conclusion
Remarks
Control issues

The struggle of opposites (i)

The struggle of opposites is the driving force behind any change. An example
The fourth trait of the dialectic
Features of the contradiction
The contradiction is internal
The contradiction is innovative
Unity of opposites
Control issues

The struggle of opposites (ii)

Universality of contradiction
In nature
In the company
Antagonism and contradiction
The struggle of opposites, the driving force of thought
Control issues

The struggle of opposites (iii)

The specific nature of the contradiction
Universal and specific are inseparable
Main contradiction, secondary contradictions
Main and secondary aspects of the contradiction
General conclusion on contradiction – marxism versus proudhonism
Control issues

Study of marxist philosophical materialism

What is the materialistic conception of the world?

i. the two meanings of materialism

ii. matter and spirit

iii. the fundamental problem of philosophy

iv. the two meanings of the word "idealism".

v. materialism and idealism are opposed in practice as well as in theory

vi. Marxist philosophical materialism is distinguished by three fundamental features

control issues

Traits of marxist materialism

The materiality of the world

The idealistic attitude
The marxist conception
Matter and movement
Natural necessity
Marxism and religion
Conclusion
Control issues

Matter is prior to consciousness

New idealistic subterfuge
The marxist conception
Objectivity of being
Consciousness, reflection of the being
Thought and the brain
Two degrees of knowledge
Conclusion
Control issues

The world is knowable

The ultimate refuge of idealism
The marxist conception
The role of practice
A falsification of the marxist notion of practice
Relative and absolute truth
The union of theory and practice
Control issues

Dialectical materialism and the spiritual life of society

The spiritual life of the society is a reflection of its material life

An example

Idealistic "explanations

The dialectical materialist thesis

The material life of the society is an objective reality existing independently of the conscience and the will not only of individuals, but of man in general
The spiritual life of the society is a reflection of the objective reality of the society
How new ideas and social theories emerge
The issue of survivorship

Conclusion

Control issues

The role and importance of ideas in social life

An example

The error of vulgar materialism

The dialectical materialist thesis

It is the material origin of the ideas which founds their power
Old and new ideas
New ideas have an organizing, mobilizing and transforming action

Conclusion

Control issues

The formation, importance and role of scientific socialism

The three sources of marxism

German philosophy
English political economy
French socialism

Utopian socialism

Scientific socialism

a) Its evolution
b) Its traits

The role of scientific socialism

The fusion of socialism and the labor movement
Necessity of the communist party: criticism of "spontaneity"

Conclusion

Control issues

Historical materialism

Production: productive forces and production relationships

The conditions of the material life of society

The geographical environment
The population

The mode of production

Productive forces
Relations of production

Ownership of the means of production

The change in modes of production, a key to the history of society

Conclusion

Control issues

The law of necessary correspondence between the relations of production and the character of the productive forces

Productive forces are the most mobile and revolutionary element of production

The correspondent action of relations of production on the productive forces

The necessary law of correspondence

The role of human action

Control issues

The class struggle before capitalism

The origins of the society

The emergence of classes

Slave and feudal societies

The development of the bourgeoisie

Control issues

The contradictions of capitalist society

Capitalist relations of production: their specific contradiction

The law of correspondence necessary in capitalist society

The correspondence between capitalist relations of production and the character of the productive forces
The conflict between capitalist relations of production and the character of the productive forces

The class struggle of the proletariat as a method for resolving the contradiction between the relations of production and the productive forces

Conclusion

Control issues

The superstructure

What is the superstructure?

The superstructure is generated by the base

The superstructure is an active force

The superstructure is not directly related to production

Conclusion

Control issues

Socialism

Distribution and production

The economic basis of socialism

Objective conditions for the transition to socialism

The fundamental law of socialism

Subjective conditions of the transition to socialism and its development

Conclusion

Control issues

From socialism to communism

The first phase of communist society

The upper phase of communist society

Productive forces and production relations under socialism

The conditions of the transition from socialism to communism

Conclusion

Control issues

The materialist theory of state and nation

twenty-second lesson. - the state

i. the state and the "general interest".

ii. the state, produces irreconcilable class antagonisms

a) origin of the state
b) historical role of the state

iii. the content and form of the statement

a) the social content of the state
(b) the form of the state

iv. class struggle and freedom

a) the bourgeoisie and "freedom".
b) the proletariat and freedoms

control issues

twenty-third lesson. - the nation (i)

i. nation and social class

ii. the scientific conception of the nation

a) what is a nation?
b) some mistakes to avoid

iii. the bourgeoisie and the nation

a) the formation of bourgeois nations
b) the bourgeoisie at the head of the nation
c) the bourgeoisie traitor to the nation

iv. the working class and the nation

a) proletarian internationalism
b) proletarian patriotism

control issues

twenty-fourth lesson. - the nation (ii)

i. the colonial question: the right of nations to self-determination

ii. socialist nations

a) National question and socialist revolution
(b) character of socialist nations

iii. the future of nations

note on alsace and the moselle

control issues

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