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After the Mexican government banned [[slavery]] in 1829, US-backed [[Settler colonialism|settlers]] in [[State of Texas|Texas]] rebelled to form the Republic of Texas in 1836.'''<ref name=":822">{{Citation|author=[[Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz]]|year=2014|title=An Indigenous Peoples' History of the United States|chapter=Sea to Shining Sea|page=123–132|pdf=https://www.lcps.org/cms/lib/VA01000195/Centricity/Domain/10601/An%20Indigenous%20Peoples%20History%20of%20the%20United%20States%20Ortiz.pdf|city=Boston|publisher=Beacon Press Books|series=ReVisioning American History|title-url=}}</ref>''' By the time the United States annexed it in 1845, there were tens of thousands of settlers there. | After the Mexican government banned [[slavery]] in 1829, US-backed [[Settler colonialism|settlers]] in [[State of Texas|Texas]] rebelled to form the Republic of Texas in 1836.'''<ref name=":822">{{Citation|author=[[Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz]]|year=2014|title=An Indigenous Peoples' History of the United States|chapter=Sea to Shining Sea|page=123–132|pdf=https://www.lcps.org/cms/lib/VA01000195/Centricity/Domain/10601/An%20Indigenous%20Peoples%20History%20of%20the%20United%20States%20Ortiz.pdf|city=Boston|publisher=Beacon Press Books|series=ReVisioning American History|title-url=}}</ref>''' By the time the United States annexed it in 1845, there were tens of thousands of settlers there. | ||
In 1846, President [[James K. Polk]] ordered [[Zachary Taylor]] to deploy 4,000 troops to the Rio Grande and sent the Navy to [[State of California|California]] and told it to invade Yerba Buena (now San Francisco) in the event of war.<ref name=":1232">{{Citation|author=David Vine|year=2020|title=The United States of War|isbn=9780520972070|city=Oakland|publisher=University of California Press|lg=http://library.lol/main/191568BFAC73F009132DB00ECD0F0F05|page= | In 1846, President [[James K. Polk]] ordered [[Zachary Taylor]] to deploy 4,000 troops to the Rio Grande and sent the Navy to [[State of California|California]] and told it to invade Yerba Buena (now San Francisco) in the event of war.<ref name=":1232">{{Citation|author=David Vine|year=2020|title=The United States of War|isbn=9780520972070|city=Oakland|publisher=University of California Press|lg=http://library.lol/main/191568BFAC73F009132DB00ECD0F0F05|page=149–53|chapter=The Permanent Indian Frontier}}</ref> | ||
== Invasion == | == Invasion == | ||
The | After Polk falsely claimed that Mexican troops had attacked U.S. troops on U.S. territory, troops marched from Fort Leavenworth to Santa Fe and occupied [[New Mexico]], where the [[ruling class]] sided with the USA. Stephens Watts Kearny, promoted from colonel to general, marched to the Pacific and occupied San Diego and Los Angeles.<ref name=":1232" /> The USA invaded Veracruz and occupied Mexico City in 1848, refusing to leave until Mexico surrendered [[Aztlán|its northern territories]] to the USA. After the annexation, U.S. cavalry troops attacked the Apaches led by [[Mangas Coloradas]], destroying crops and villages and murdering civilians.'''<ref name=":822" />''' | ||
== Opposition == | == Opposition == | ||
Former president [[John Quincy Adams]] and future president [[Abraham Lincoln]] both opposed the war in Congress. [[Henry David Thoreau]] was imprisoned for refusing to pay poll taxes that would fund the war and wrote the essay "Civil Disobedience."<ref name=":1232" /> | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
Revision as of 22:07, 11 July 2023
The Mexican–Statesian War was a U.S. war of aggression against Mexico that lasted from 1846 to 1848.
Background
After the Mexican government banned slavery in 1829, US-backed settlers in Texas rebelled to form the Republic of Texas in 1836.[1] By the time the United States annexed it in 1845, there were tens of thousands of settlers there.
In 1846, President James K. Polk ordered Zachary Taylor to deploy 4,000 troops to the Rio Grande and sent the Navy to California and told it to invade Yerba Buena (now San Francisco) in the event of war.[2]
Invasion
After Polk falsely claimed that Mexican troops had attacked U.S. troops on U.S. territory, troops marched from Fort Leavenworth to Santa Fe and occupied New Mexico, where the ruling class sided with the USA. Stephens Watts Kearny, promoted from colonel to general, marched to the Pacific and occupied San Diego and Los Angeles.[2] The USA invaded Veracruz and occupied Mexico City in 1848, refusing to leave until Mexico surrendered its northern territories to the USA. After the annexation, U.S. cavalry troops attacked the Apaches led by Mangas Coloradas, destroying crops and villages and murdering civilians.[1]
Opposition
Former president John Quincy Adams and future president Abraham Lincoln both opposed the war in Congress. Henry David Thoreau was imprisoned for refusing to pay poll taxes that would fund the war and wrote the essay "Civil Disobedience."[2]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz (2014). An Indigenous Peoples' History of the United States: 'Sea to Shining Sea' (pp. 123–132). ReVisioning American History. [PDF] Boston: Beacon Press Books.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 David Vine (2020). The United States of War: 'The Permanent Indian Frontier' (pp. 149–53). Oakland: University of California Press. ISBN 9780520972070 [LG]