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'''Pan-Africanism''' is an [[Anti-colonialism|anti-colonial]] movement that aims to encourage and strengthen bonds of solidarity between all indigenous and diaspora ethnic groups of African descent. Based on a common goal dating back to the [[Atlantic slave trade]], the movement extends beyond continental Africans with a substantial support base among the [[African diaspora in the Americas]] and [[Afro-European|Europe]].<ref>{{ | '''Pan-Africanism''' is an [[Anti-colonialism|anti-colonial]] movement that aims to encourage and strengthen bonds of solidarity between all indigenous and diaspora ethnic groups of African descent. Based on a common goal dating back to the [[Atlantic slave trade]], the movement extends beyond continental Africans with a substantial support base among the [[African diaspora in the Americas]] and [[Afro-European|Europe]].<ref>{{Citation|author=David Austin|title=All Roads Led to Montreal: Black Power, the Caribbean and the Black Radical Tradition in Canada|journal=Journal of African American History|date=Fall 2007|volume=92|issue=4|pages=516–539|doi=10.1086/JAAHv92n4p516|s2cid=140509880}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|author=Omotayo Oloruntoba-Oju|title=Pan Africanism, Myth and History in African and Caribbean Drama|publisher=[[Journal of Pan African Studies]]|volume=5|number=8|date=December 2012|pages=190 ff|url=https://www.questia.com/library/journal/1G1-316072934/pan-africanism-myth-and-history-in-african-and-caribbean}}</ref> Pan-Africanism advocates for the unification of Africa under a [[Socialism|socialist]] government against [[colonialism]] and [[neocolonialism]].<ref>{{Web citation|author=[[All African People's Revolutionary Party]]|newspaper=[[Black Agenda Report]]|title=What is Nkrumahism-Touréism?|date=2022-09-28|url=https://blackagendareport.com/what-nkrumahism-toureism|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220928170700/https://blackagendareport.com/what-nkrumahism-toureism|archive-date=2022-09-28|retrieved=2022-09-29}}</ref> | ||
Pan-Africanism can be said to have its origins in the struggles of the African people against enslavement and colonization<ref>[[Tajudeen Abdul-Raheem|Abdul-Raheem, Tajudeen]], ''Pan Africanism: Politics, Economy and Social Change in the Twenty-first Century''.</ref> and this struggle may be traced back to the first resistance on slave ships—rebellions and suicides—through the constant plantation and colonial uprisings and the [[Back-to-Africa movement|"Back to Africa" movements]] of the 19th century. Based on the belief that unity is vital to economic, social and political progress and aims to "unify and uplift" people of African descent.<ref>Frick, Janari, et al. (2006), [https://books.google.com/books?id=_UA27TyBO0kC&pg=PA235 ''History: Learner's Book''], p. 235, South Africa: New Africa Books.</ref> | Pan-Africanism can be said to have its origins in the struggles of the African people against enslavement and colonization<ref>[[Tajudeen Abdul-Raheem|Abdul-Raheem, Tajudeen]], ''Pan Africanism: Politics, Economy and Social Change in the Twenty-first Century''.</ref> and this struggle may be traced back to the first resistance on slave ships—rebellions and suicides—through the constant plantation and colonial uprisings and the [[Back-to-Africa movement|"Back to Africa" movements]] of the 19th century. Based on the belief that unity is vital to economic, social and political progress and aims to "unify and uplift" people of African descent.<ref>Frick, Janari, et al. (2006), [https://books.google.com/books?id=_UA27TyBO0kC&pg=PA235 ''History: Learner's Book''], p. 235, South Africa: New Africa Books.</ref> | ||
At its core, Pan-Africanism is a belief that "African people, both on the continent and in the [[African Diaspora|diaspora]], share not merely a common history, but a common destiny".<ref>Makalani, Minkah (2011), [http://exhibitions.nypl.org/africanaage/essay-pan-africanism.html "Pan-Africanism"]. ''Africana Age''.</ref> Pan-Africanist intellectual, cultural and political movements tend to view all Africans and descendants of Africans as belonging to a single "race" and sharing cultural unity. Pan-Africanism posits a sense of a shared historical fate for Africans in America, West Indies and on the continent itself centered on the Atlantic trade in slaves, African slavery and European imperialism.<ref>{{ | At its core, Pan-Africanism is a belief that "African people, both on the continent and in the [[African Diaspora|diaspora]], share not merely a common history, but a common destiny".<ref>Makalani, Minkah (2011), [http://exhibitions.nypl.org/africanaage/essay-pan-africanism.html "Pan-Africanism"]. ''Africana Age''.</ref> Pan-Africanist intellectual, cultural and political movements tend to view all Africans and descendants of Africans as belonging to a single "race" and sharing cultural unity. Pan-Africanism posits a sense of a shared historical fate for Africans in America, West Indies and on the continent itself centered on the Atlantic trade in slaves, African slavery and European imperialism.<ref>{{Citation|title=New Dictionary of the History of Ideas|publisher=The Gale Group, Inc.|year=2005}}</ref> | ||
The [[Organization of African Unity]] (now the [[African Union]]) was established in 1963 to safeguard the sovereignty and territorial integrity of its Member States and to promote global relations within the framework of the [[United Nations]].<ref>[http://www.au.int/en/about/nutshell About the African Union] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110129055921/http://www.au.int/en/about/nutshell|date=January 29, 2011}}.</ref> The [[African Union Commission]] has its seat in Addis Ababa and the [[Pan-African Parliament]] has its seat in Johannesburg and Midrand.<ref>{{ | The [[Organization of African Unity]] (now the [[African Union]]) was established in 1963 to safeguard the sovereignty and territorial integrity of its Member States and to promote global relations within the framework of the [[United Nations]].<ref>[http://www.au.int/en/about/nutshell About the African Union] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110129055921/http://www.au.int/en/about/nutshell|date=January 29, 2011}}.</ref> The [[African Union Commission]] has its seat in Addis Ababa and the [[Pan-African Parliament]] has its seat in Johannesburg and Midrand.<ref>{{Web citation|title=Pan-Africanism|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Pan-Africanism|newspaper=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en|access-date=May 24, 2020}}</ref> | ||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
Revision as of 01:02, 23 April 2023
Pan-Africanism is an anti-colonial movement that aims to encourage and strengthen bonds of solidarity between all indigenous and diaspora ethnic groups of African descent. Based on a common goal dating back to the Atlantic slave trade, the movement extends beyond continental Africans with a substantial support base among the African diaspora in the Americas and Europe.[1][2] Pan-Africanism advocates for the unification of Africa under a socialist government against colonialism and neocolonialism.[3]
Pan-Africanism can be said to have its origins in the struggles of the African people against enslavement and colonization[4] and this struggle may be traced back to the first resistance on slave ships—rebellions and suicides—through the constant plantation and colonial uprisings and the "Back to Africa" movements of the 19th century. Based on the belief that unity is vital to economic, social and political progress and aims to "unify and uplift" people of African descent.[5]
At its core, Pan-Africanism is a belief that "African people, both on the continent and in the diaspora, share not merely a common history, but a common destiny".[6] Pan-Africanist intellectual, cultural and political movements tend to view all Africans and descendants of Africans as belonging to a single "race" and sharing cultural unity. Pan-Africanism posits a sense of a shared historical fate for Africans in America, West Indies and on the continent itself centered on the Atlantic trade in slaves, African slavery and European imperialism.[7]
The Organization of African Unity (now the African Union) was established in 1963 to safeguard the sovereignty and territorial integrity of its Member States and to promote global relations within the framework of the United Nations.[8] The African Union Commission has its seat in Addis Ababa and the Pan-African Parliament has its seat in Johannesburg and Midrand.[9]
See also
References
- ↑ David Austin (Fall 2007). All Roads Led to Montreal: Black Power, the Caribbean and the Black Radical Tradition in Canada. Journal of African American History, vol.92 (pp. 516–539). doi: 10.1086/JAAHv92n4p516 [HUB]
- ↑ Omotayo Oloruntoba-Oju (December 2012). Pan Africanism, Myth and History in African and Caribbean Drama, vol. 5. Journal of Pan African Studies.
- ↑ All African People's Revolutionary Party (2022-09-28). "What is Nkrumahism-Touréism?" Black Agenda Report. Archived from the original on 2022-09-28. Retrieved 2022-09-29.
- ↑ Abdul-Raheem, Tajudeen, Pan Africanism: Politics, Economy and Social Change in the Twenty-first Century.
- ↑ Frick, Janari, et al. (2006), History: Learner's Book, p. 235, South Africa: New Africa Books.
- ↑ Makalani, Minkah (2011), "Pan-Africanism". Africana Age.
- ↑ New Dictionary of the History of Ideas (2005). The Gale Group, Inc..
- ↑ About the African Union Template:Webarchive.
- ↑ "Pan-Africanism". Encyclopedia Britannica.