| Republic of Guinea-Bissau República da Guiné-Bissau | |
|---|---|
 Flag
 Coat of arms
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| Capital and largest city | Bissau |
| Official languages | Portuguese |
| Dominant mode of production | Capitalism |
| Area | |
• Total | 36,125 km² |
| Population | |
• 2021 estimate | 1,726,000 |
Guinea-Bissau, officially the Republic of Guinea-Bissau, is a country in West Africa.
History
Pre-colonial era
Before the colonial invasion, the Fula were the dominant feudal group and the Balantes lived in a stateless communal society. The feudal groups were predominantly Muslim with the exception of the Manjaks. Chiefs served as the equivalent of feudal lords and exploited the peasantry. Artisans and traders (dyulas) existed between these two classes.[1]
Colonialism
Under Portuguese colonial rule, Guinea-Bissau had a small proletariat and a large peasantry.[2] Fula chiefs collaborated with the colonizers and became compradors.[1]
In 1956, Amilcar Cabral founded the African Party for Independence, which advocated for independence of Guinea-Bissau and Cape Verde from Portugal. PIDE, the Portuguese secret police, attempted to crush the independence movement and killed Cabral in 1973. Later that year, Guinea-Bissau and Cape Verde declared independence. The Armed Forces Movement led a rebellion of Portuguese troops against fascism and disobeyed orders to help the independence movement.[2]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Amilcar Cabral (1964). Brief Analysis of the Social Structure in Guinea. [MIA]
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Danny Shaw (2011-01-26). "Amilcar Cabral and the national liberation movement of Guinea Bissau and Cape Verde" Liberation School. Archived from the original on 2021-07-11. Retrieved 2022-07-23.