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Amílcar Cabral | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | 12 September 1924 Bafatá, Portuguese Guinea |
| Died | 20 January 1973 Conakry, Guinea |
| Cause of death | Murder by Portuguese colonialists |
| Political orientation | Scientific socialism Pan-Africanism Black nationalism |
| Political party | African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde |
Amílcar Lopes da Costa Cabral (12 September 1924 – 20 January 1973) was a Bissau-Guinean national liberation leader and pan-African revolutionary. He was one of the main founders of the African Party for Independence (PAI) in 1956, which later became the African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde (PAIGC).[1][2] Following his murder by traitorous elements of his movement, the Second Congress of the PAIGC elected Aristides Pereira as secretary-general of the party.[3][4]
Early life[edit | edit source]
Cabral was born to a Cape Verdean family in Bafatá in the colony of Guinea in 1924. He completed elementary school on the island of Santiago in Cape Verde and attended São Vicente High School from 1938 to 1944, where he presided over the students' association and played soccer. He moved to Portugal in 1945 to study in Lisbon. He went to the same school as Agostinho Neto and demonstrated against NATO and the Portuguese fascist regime. He returned to Guinea after completing his degree and joined the Guinea Agricultural and Forestry Services in 1952.[5]
Political career[edit | edit source]
Cabral tried to start a recreational association in Guinea in 1954, but the colonial authorities shut it down.[5] He frequently traveled to Portugal and Angola and founded the African Party for Independence (PAI) in 1956, which later became the PAIGC in 1960.[1][2]
Cabral was also a founder and coordinator of the Conference of Nationalist Organizations in the Portuguese Colonies (CONCP)[1] and one of the founders of the Organization in Solidarity with the People of Africa, Asia and Latin America (OSPAAAL) in 1966.[2]
Cabral left Lisbon for the last time in 1960 and set up the PAIGC headquarters in Conakry in the Republic of Guinea.[5] He began the armed independence struggle in 1963 with an attack on the barracks of Tite.[5] In 1964, he attended the second meeting of the Non-Aligned Movement in Cairo.[6] Portugal assassinated him in 1973 but failed to stop the national liberation movement.[5]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 A-APRP (2014-05-14). "History of the PAIGC" All-African People's Revolutionary Party. Archived from the original on 2025-10-08.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 “Many know Cabral (along with comrades) established the African Party for Independence (PAI) in 1956. (It became PAIGC in 1960 to acknowledge Guinea and the Cape Verde Islands.) Less known is that Cabral also helped found the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA) – also in 1956. Specifically, he was one of the founders of the Partido de Luta Unida dos Africanos de Angola (PLUAA) that preceded the Manifesto of the MPLA. In addition, Cabral strongly influenced the shaping of the Front for the Liberation of Mozambique (FRELIMO), and he had a major influence on the development of the Movement for the Liberation of Sao Tome e Principe (MLSTP) especially while its office and leaders were based in Conakry, not far from the PAIGC headquarters.
Cabral was also one of the co-founders of the Organization of Solidarity with the People of Africa, Asia and Latin America (OSPAAAL) in 1966, which coordinates political-military struggles of anti-imperialist revolutionaries on three continents.”
A-APRP (2020-08-31). "Revolutionary Pan-Africanist Amilcar Cabral Considered the 2nd Greatest Leader of Humanity" All-African People's Revolutionary Party. Archived from the original on 2020-10-08. - ↑ "Knight of the Long Knives in Conakry"
- ↑ Vijay Prashad (2008). The Darker Nations: A People's History of the Third World: 'Belgrade' (pp. 98–99). [PDF] The New Press. ISBN 9781595583420 [LG]
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Carlos Lopes Pereira (2023-01-20). "Amílcar Cabral – African Marxist liberation leader – murdered 50 years ago by agents of Portuguese colonialism" Workers World. Archived from the original on 2023-01-21. Retrieved 2023-01-22.
- ↑ Vijay Prashad (2008). The Darker Nations: A People's History of the Third World: 'Belgrade' (p. 103). [PDF] The New Press. ISBN 9781595583420 [LG]